Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial exposure to a...

Allergic Reactions

Allergic Reactions

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...

Hypersensitivities

Hypersensitivities

Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions

Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH), or Type IV hypersensitivity, is a cell-mediated immune response. It occurs when T cells, rather than antibodies, mediate a reaction to specific antigens. It is characterized by a delayed onset (1-2 days) and involves the recruitment of macrophages to the inflammation site.The initiation of a DTH response begins with the sensitization of T cells. During this phase, which lasts at least 1-2 weeks, antigen-specific T cells are activated, clonally expanded, and...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy in patients with high-risk locally advanced cervical cancer-results of a clinical series.

Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [et al]·2025

Same author

CBCT-based online adaptive radiotherapy of the prostate bed: first clinical experience and comparison to nonadaptive conventional IGRT.

Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [et al]·2024

Same author

A literature review and expert consensus statement on diagnostics in suspected metal implant allergy.

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV·2024

Same author

Prevalence of dermatitis including allergic contact dermatitis from medical devices used by children and adults with Type 1 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and questionnaire study.

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV·2024

Same author

Long-term follow-up of hand eczema in hairdressers: a prospective cohort study of Danish hairdressers graduating from 1985 to 2007.

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV·2021

Same author

High incidence of hand eczema in Danish schoolchildren following intensive hand hygiene during the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide questionnaire study.

The British journal of dermatology·2020

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Precision Implementation of Minimal Erythema Dose (MED) Testing to Assess Individual Variation in Human Inflammatory Response

Precision Implementation of Minimal Erythema Dose (MED) Testing to Assess Individual Variation in Human Inflammatory Response

Published on: October 3, 2019

Hydroxyisohexyl 3-cyclohexene carboxaldehyde allergy: relationship between patch test and repeated open application

L A Fischer¹, T Menné, C Avnstorp

¹Department of Dermato-Allergology, The National Allergy Research Centre, University of Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark.

The British Journal of Dermatology

|June 3, 2009

Summary

Hydroxyisohexyl 3-cyclohexene carboxaldehyde (HICC) allergy thresholds were compared between patch tests and repeated open application tests (ROAT). HICC evaporation significantly impacts ROAT results, indicating lower per-application thresholds but higher accumulated thresholds.

More Related Videos

Application of Biochip Microfluidic Technology to Detect Serum Allergen-specific Immunoglobulin E (sIgE)

Application of Biochip Microfluidic Technology to Detect Serum Allergen-specific Immunoglobulin E (sIgE)

Published on: April 21, 2019

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis

Published on: May 31, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Precision Implementation of Minimal Erythema Dose (MED) Testing to Assess Individual Variation in Human Inflammatory Response

Precision Implementation of Minimal Erythema Dose (MED) Testing to Assess Individual Variation in Human Inflammatory Response

Published on: October 3, 2019

Application of Biochip Microfluidic Technology to Detect Serum Allergen-specific Immunoglobulin E (sIgE)

Application of Biochip Microfluidic Technology to Detect Serum Allergen-specific Immunoglobulin E (sIgE)

Published on: April 21, 2019

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis

Published on: May 31, 2021

Area of Science:

Dermatology
Allergology
Cosmetic Science

Background:

Hydroxyisohexyl 3-cyclohexene carboxaldehyde (HICC) is a common synthetic fragrance allergen.
Allergic reactions to HICC have been documented since the 1980s.
HICC is now part of the European baseline series for allergy testing.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the relationship between patch test and repeated open application test (ROAT) elicitation thresholds for HICC.
To calculate the evaporation rate of HICC from the skin.

Main Methods:

Seventeen HICC-allergic individuals underwent patch testing and ROAT with HICC dilution series.
Seventeen non-allergic individuals served as controls for ROAT.
HICC evaporation rate was calculated over 24 hours.

Main Results:

The response frequency to ROAT was significantly higher than patch testing at certain doses.
The accumulated dose response rate for ROAT was significantly lower than patch testing.
The calculated evaporation rate for HICC was 72% over 24 hours.

Conclusions:

The ROAT threshold, per application, is lower than the patch test threshold for HICC.
The accumulated ROAT threshold is higher than the patch test threshold.
HICC evaporation from the skin likely explains the observed differences in thresholds between the two testing methods.