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Biomechanical properties of new mini compression screws
Foot & Ankle International
|June 3, 2009
Summary
Headed mini compression screws, including cortical and cancellous types, offer superior compression forces compared to headless screws in both bone types. Avoid fully countersinking headless screws to maintain compression.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic biomechanics
- Surgical implant technology
Background:
- Mini compression screws are vital for bone fixation.
- Understanding their compression capabilities in different bone types is crucial for surgical outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the compression forces generated by various commercial mini compression screws.
- To evaluate screw performance in both cortical and cancellous bone models.
Main Methods:
- Tested multiple screw types including AO, VisAntares, Omnitech, Barouk, and Bold screws.
- Utilized a sheep tibia model to simulate cortical and cancellous bone.
- Measured compression forces using a load cell.
Main Results:
- Headed screws (AO 3.5mm, 2.7mm cortical; 4.0mm cancellous) demonstrated significantly higher compression forces than all tested headless screws.
- A reduction in compression was observed when headless screws were fully countersunk.
Conclusions:
- Screws with heads provide superior compression compared to headless screws.
- Headed screws are recommended for procedures requiring significant compression, such as arthrodesis or fracture fixation.
- Proper insertion technique, avoiding full countersinking of headless screws, is important for optimal compression.
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