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Autism spectrum disorders in young children

Frances de L Martínez-Pedraza1, Alice S Carter

  • 1Graduate Clinical Psychology Program, Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA 02125, USA.

Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America
|June 3, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Early signs of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) appear by 12 months. This review covers early identification, diagnosis, and treatment for young children (0-5 years) with ASD, including family adaptation and interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Child Psychology
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Background:

  • Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) can exhibit early signs in infants as young as 12 months.
  • Research, including retrospective studies and analyses of high-risk siblings, supports early identification.
  • Understanding early indicators is crucial for timely intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review early identification methods for ASD in young children (0-5 years).
  • To describe diagnostic assessment tools and treatment approaches for early childhood ASD.
  • To explore the impact of ASD diagnosis on family dynamics and adaptation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of retrospective research studies and videotape analyses.
  • Examination of recent studies on high-risk infant siblings.
  • Analysis of available screening tools and comprehensive assessment measures.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests ASD signs are detectable by 12 months of age.
  • Various screening and diagnostic tools are available for early ASD assessment.
  • Family adaptation and response to diagnosis and treatment are significant factors.

Conclusions:

  • Early identification and diagnosis of ASD in children aged 0-5 are feasible and critical.
  • A comprehensive approach involving assessment, intervention, and family support is recommended.
  • Timely interventions can positively impact outcomes for young children with ASD.

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