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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Subcutaneous Neurotrophin 4 Infusion Using Osmotic Pumps or Direct Muscular Injection Enhances Aging Rat Laryngeal Muscles

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Published on: June 13, 2017

Trial vocal fold injection.

Thomas L Carroll¹, Clark A Rosen

¹Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Voice Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15219, USA.

Journal of Voice : Official Journal of the Voice Foundation

|June 3, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Trial vocal fold injection (VFI) uses temporary materials to assess permanent augmentation benefits. A good response to trial VFI often leads to successful permanent vocal fold augmentation.

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Area of Science:

Otolaryngology
Laryngology
Vocal Fold Physiology

Background:

Advancements in temporary vocal fold (VF) augmentation materials and office-based procedures have increased the use of vocal fold injection (VFI).
Trial VFI, though practiced, lacks formal definition in scientific literature.

Purpose of the Study:

To define trial VFI and highlight its clinical utility.
To review institutional experience with trial VFI.

Main Methods:

Retrospective review of a surgical database.
Identification of patients receiving temporary, deep VFI for trial purposes.
Exclusion of patients with VF paralysis, resolved paresis, scar, or trauma.

Main Results:

Twenty-five patients with VF atrophy and/or paresis underwent trial VFI.
Nineteen of 25 patients showed a good or partial response.
Ten patients proceeded to permanent medialization, with all achieving good results.

Conclusions:

Trial VFI is defined as using temporary injectables to gauge the efficacy of permanent vocal fold augmentation when outcomes are uncertain.
A positive response to trial VFI predicts a higher likelihood of success with subsequent permanent augmentation.