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[Placebo effects and controlled clinical trials].

E Skovlund1

  • 1Institutt for informatikk, Universitetet i Oslo.

Tidsskrift for Den Norske Laegeforening : Tidsskrift for Praktisk Medicin, Ny Raekke
|September 20, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Placebo analgesia is not solely explained by endorphins, as naloxone only partially blocks the effect. Informing patients about placebo in clinical trials may reduce active drug efficacy.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology
  • Pain Management

Context:

  • The mechanisms underlying placebo effects, particularly placebo-induced analgesia, remain largely unknown.
  • Endorphins are a hypothesized mediator of placebo analgesia, but evidence is incomplete.

Purpose:

  • To investigate the role of endorphins in placebo-induced analgesia using the opiate antagonist naloxone.
  • To explore the impact of informing patients about placebo administration on active drug effects in clinical trials.

Summary:

  • Administration of naloxone, an opiate antagonist, resulted in only partial antagonism of placebo-induced analgesia, indicating that endorphin release is not the sole mechanism.
  • Informing patients in clinical trials that they might receive a placebo was observed to reduce the efficacy of the active drug.

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Impact:

  • Findings suggest that placebo analgesia involves non-endorphin pathways, necessitating further research into these mechanisms.
  • The study highlights the potential negative impact of placebo information on clinical trial outcomes, suggesting a need to reconsider patient communication strategies.