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[Hypertension as a part of metabolic cardiovascular syndrome]
1Nyreavdelingen, Ullevål sykehus, Oslo.
Insights
Hypertension often clusters with other cardiovascular risks like glucose intolerance and high triglycerides. Managing hypertension requires non-pharmacological approaches and monitoring metabolic side effects of medications.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Syndrome
Context:
- Hypertension is a significant cardiovascular risk factor.
- Cardiovascular risk factors frequently cluster together.
- Insulin resistance may link hypertension with obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Purpose:
- To review the literature on cardiovascular risk factors associated with hypertension.
- To discuss clinical and therapeutic implications for hypertension management.
- To highlight the importance of addressing metabolic profiles in hypertensive patients.
Summary:
- Hypertension is associated with glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia (low HDL, high triglycerides), and reduced fibrinolytic activity.
- Insulin resistance is a potential unifying factor linking hypertension, obesity, and type 2 diabetes.
- Treatment strategies must consider the overall cardiovascular risk profile of hypertensive individuals.
Impact:
- Emphasizes the necessity of non-pharmacological interventions in hypertension treatment.
- Recommends close monitoring of metabolic side effects from antihypertensive agents.
- Suggests that metabolic effects of drugs can counteract blood pressure reduction benefits.
Abstract:
Hypertension is only one of several cardiovascular risk factors that tend to cluster. Hypertension is associated with glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia, decreased HDL-cholesterol, high triglycerides and decreased fibrinolytic activity. One possible link is insulin resistance, which also links hypertension to obesity and diabetes mellitus type II. The authors review the literature and discuss clinical and therapeutic implications in the treatment of hypertension. Since the hypertensive patient may have an unfavourable cardiovascular risk profile, a non-pharmacological approach is essential in the treatment. Furthermore, if antihypertensive agents have to be used, metabolic side effects should be monitored closely, since they may reduce the beneficial effects of the blood pressure reduction on the cardiovascular risk profile.