Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 22, 2026

High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal
Published on: October 31, 2019
Rotational diffusion of dihydroxy coumarins: Effect of OH groups and their relative position on solute-solvent
Mariana Esquivelzeta-Rabell1, Jorge Peon, Gabriel Cuevas
1Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Quimica, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico, D.F., Mexico. mer@exalumno.unam.mx
Abstract:
The rotational dynamics of 6,7- and 5,7-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin in a series of linear alcohols have been studied by time-resolving their fluorescence anisotropy decay with the frequency up-conversion method. Through estimations of their rotational diffusion coefficients in a series of linear alcohols, it was verified that these two coumarins keep nearly the same hydrodynamic contributions to friction, which accounts for only about 35% of the observed reorientational times. Whereas the former compound has the two -OH groups bonded to adjacent carbon atoms in the aromatic frame, in the latter compound, the two hydroxyl groups are separated by enough space to develop more stable interactions involving a network of several solvent molecules. These findings show that this structural difference results in significantly slower rotational relaxation for the 5,7-dihydroxylated coumarin as a result of specific hydrogen-bonding networks as determined at B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) level of theory.
Related Concept Videos
Factors Affecting Solubility
Physical Properties Affecting Solubility
As for any solution, the solubility of a gas in a liquid is affected by the attractive intermolecular forces between solute and solvent species. Unlike solid and liquid solutes, however, there is no solute-solute intermolecular attraction to overcome when a gaseous solute dissolves in a liquid solvent since the atoms or molecules comprising a gas are far separated and experience negligible interactions. Consequently, solute-solvent interactions are the sole...
Solubility
A solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of a solvent, the major component, and a solute, the minor component. The physical state of a solution—solid, liquid, or gas—is typically the same as that of the solvent. Solute concentrations are often described with qualitative terms such as dilute (of relatively low concentration) and concentrated (of relatively high concentration).
In a solution, the solute particles (molecules, atoms, and/or ions)...
Solubility Equilibria: Overview
Solubility is important in biological and environmental processes. A notable...
Chemical Shift: Internal References and Solvent Effects
The internal reference compound generally used in NMR spectroscopy is tetramethylsilane (TMS). TMS is preferred because it is chemically inert, soluble in NMR solvents, and easily removable. Also, the highly shielded methyl protons in TMS yield an intense...
Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)
The extent of coupling depends on the C‑C bond length, the two H‑C‑C angles, any electron-withdrawing substituents, and the dihedral angle between the involved orbitals. The...

