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There are two ways to determine the amount of heat involved in a chemical change: measure it experimentally, or calculate it from other experimentally determined enthalpy changes. Some reactions are difficult, if not impossible, to investigate and make accurate measurements for experimentally. And even when a reaction is not hard to perform or measure, it is convenient to be able to determine the heat involved in a reaction without having to perform an experiment.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Murine Drinking Models in the Development of Pharmacotherapies for Alcoholism: Drinking in the Dark and Two-bottle Choice
07:31

Murine Drinking Models in the Development of Pharmacotherapies for Alcoholism: Drinking in the Dark and Two-bottle Choice

Published on: January 7, 2019

With Happyhour, everyone's under the table.

Mark T Palfreyman1

  • 1Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, A-1030 Vienna, Austria. markthomas.palfreyman@imp.ac.at

Cell
|June 4, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers identified a new Ste20 family kinase, Happyhour, and the EGFR/ERK pathway as key players in alcohol intoxication in fruit flies. This finding sheds light on the cellular mechanisms underlying alcohol

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The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior
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Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Murine Drinking Models in the Development of Pharmacotherapies for Alcoholism: Drinking in the Dark and Two-bottle Choice
07:31

Murine Drinking Models in the Development of Pharmacotherapies for Alcoholism: Drinking in the Dark and Two-bottle Choice

Published on: January 7, 2019

The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior
06:48

The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior

Published on: January 19, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The precise molecular and cellular mechanisms driving alcohol intoxication remain largely unknown.
  • Understanding these targets is crucial for addressing alcohol-related health issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify novel molecular targets involved in alcohol intoxication.
  • To elucidate the role of specific signaling pathways in mediating alcohol's effects.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized *Drosophila melanogaster* (fruit fly) as a model organism.
  • Investigated the function of a novel Ste20 family kinase, termed Happyhour.
  • Examined the antagonism between Happyhour and the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor/Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (EGFR/ERK) signaling pathway.

Main Results:

  • Identified Happyhour kinase as a significant factor in alcohol intoxication.
  • Demonstrated that Happyhour antagonizes the EGFR/ERK signaling pathway.
  • Established a link between Happyhour, EGFR/ERK signaling, and alcohol-induced behavioral changes in flies.

Conclusions:

  • The Happyhour kinase and its antagonism of the EGFR/ERK pathway are implicated in alcohol intoxication.
  • This study provides new molecular insights into the cellular basis of alcohol's effects.
  • Findings in *Drosophila* may offer potential targets for future research in mammals.