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Related Concept Videos

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
Protein Networks02:26

Protein Networks

An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
Negative Regulator Molecules01:23

Negative Regulator Molecules

Positive regulators allow a cell to advance through cell cycle checkpoints. Negative regulators have an equally important role as they terminate a cell’s progression through the cell cycle—or pause it—until the cell meets specific criteria.
PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway01:22

PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway

The mammalian target of rapamycin  (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1  (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2  (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast,  mTORC2 consists of a rapamycin-insensitive companion...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

miRNA Expression Analyses in Prostate Cancer Clinical Tissues
11:29

miRNA Expression Analyses in Prostate Cancer Clinical Tissues

Published on: September 8, 2015

Prostate cancer regulatory networks.

Dario C Altieri1, Lucia R Languino, Jane B Lian

  • 1Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655, USA. dario.altieri@umassmed.edu

Journal of Cellular Biochemistry
|June 4, 2009
PubMed
Summary

This study identifies key molecular networks driving advanced prostate cancer progression. Targeting these interconnected pathways offers new therapeutic strategies for this complex disease.

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Sequencing Small Non-coding RNA from Formalin-fixed Tissues and Serum-derived Exosomes from Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Patients
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Sequencing Small Non-coding RNA from Formalin-fixed Tissues and Serum-derived Exosomes from Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Patients

Published on: November 19, 2019

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Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

miRNA Expression Analyses in Prostate Cancer Clinical Tissues
11:29

miRNA Expression Analyses in Prostate Cancer Clinical Tissues

Published on: September 8, 2015

Sequencing Small Non-coding RNA from Formalin-fixed Tissues and Serum-derived Exosomes from Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Patients
12:13

Sequencing Small Non-coding RNA from Formalin-fixed Tissues and Serum-derived Exosomes from Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Patients

Published on: November 19, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Common epithelial malignancies exhibit complex genetic alterations by diagnosis, complicating the identification of tumorigenesis drivers.
  • Targeting individual genes is challenging due to the intricate nature of cancer signaling networks.
  • Advanced prostate cancer presents limited therapeutic options, necessitating novel treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify critical nodal proteins that integrate multiple signaling networks involved in tumor maintenance.
  • To propose a network-based therapeutic approach for advanced prostate cancer.
  • To investigate the role of specific signaling networks in prostate cancer progression.

Main Methods:

  • Modeling interconnected signaling networks in advanced prostate cancer.
  • Analyzing the integration of chaperone-mediated mitochondrial homeostasis, integrin-dependent cell signaling, and Runx2-regulated gene expression.
  • Focusing on the metastatic bone microenvironment in prostate cancer.

Main Results:

  • Proposed that the integration of three specific signaling networks is critical for prostate cancer maintenance.
  • Identified potential nodal proteins connecting multiple tumor maintenance pathways.
  • Highlighted the role of the metastatic bone microenvironment in prostate cancer progression.

Conclusions:

  • The integration of chaperone-mediated mitochondrial homeostasis, integrin signaling, and Runx2-driven gene expression is crucial for advanced prostate cancer.
  • This network-centric approach offers novel molecular targets for prostate cancer therapy.
  • Understanding these interconnected pathways is key to developing effective treatments for advanced prostate cancer.