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Related Concept Videos

Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the procedure...
Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age

The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification

Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...
Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue01:27

Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue

Chondrocytes form a temporary cartilaginous model by dividing and secreting a thick gel-like extracellular matrix. Once the chondrocytes undergo programmed cell death, osteoblasts enter the site of the cartilaginous model. The process of replacing the temporary cartilaginous model with bone in an ordered manner is called endochondral ossification. In endochondral ossification, not all of the cartilage is replaced by bone tissue. Some cartilage that performs a protective and supportive function...
Deformation in a Circular Shaft01:10

Deformation in a Circular Shaft

One of the distinctive characteristics of circular shafts is their ability to maintain their cross-sectional integrity under torsion. In other words, each cross-section continues to exist as a flat, unaltered entity, simply rotating like a solid, rigid slab. To understand the distribution of shearing stress within such a shaft, consider a cylindrical section inside this circular shaft. This section has a length of L and a radius of R, with one end fixed. The radius of the cylindrical section is...
Deformation of Member under Multiple Loadings01:11

Deformation of Member under Multiple Loadings

When a rod is made of different materials or has various cross-sections, it must be divided into parts that meet the necessary conditions for determining the deformation. These parts are each characterized by their internal force, cross-sectional area, length, and modulus of elasticity. These parameters are then used to compute the deformation of the entire rod.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

A Rat Tibial Growth Plate Injury Model to Characterize Repair Mechanisms and Evaluate Growth Plate Regeneration Strategies
06:53

A Rat Tibial Growth Plate Injury Model to Characterize Repair Mechanisms and Evaluate Growth Plate Regeneration Strategies

Published on: July 4, 2017

Deformity correction during growth after partial physeal arrest.

Joachim Horn1, Leif Pål Kristiansen, Harald Steen

  • 1Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway. joachim.horn@rikshospitalet.no

Acta Orthopaedica Belgica
|June 5, 2009
PubMed
Summary

This study shows that combining complete epiphysiodesis, angular correction, and limb lengthening using the Ilizarov method effectively treats physeal injuries. This protocol corrects deformities and achieves good limb length equality in young patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Pediatric Orthopedics
  • Limb Reconstruction

Background:

  • Physeal injuries can lead to angular deformities and limb length discrepancies.
  • Severe deformities may necessitate complex surgical interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a treatment protocol for physeal injuries.
  • The protocol involves complete epiphysiodesis, angular correction, and limb lengthening with the Ilizarov method.

Main Methods:

  • Five patients (12-14 years) underwent the combined surgical protocol.
  • Angular deformities ranged from 12-24 degrees; limb length discrepancies (LLD) ranged from 15-60 mm.
  • Overcorrection of length was calculated based on estimated remaining growth.

Main Results:

  • Complete correction of all angular deformities was achieved.
  • Median LLD at skeletal maturity was 8 mm (range: 3-13 mm).
  • Mechanical axis deviation was within acceptable limits for most patients.

Conclusions:

  • The described protocol is a suitable method for managing partial physeal arrest with severe deformities.
  • Combining epiphysiodesis, angular correction, and Ilizarov limb lengthening yields effective outcomes.