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Updated: Jun 22, 2026
11:51
An Improved Mechanical Testing Method to Assess Bone-implant Anchorage
Published on: February 10, 2014
Stability of loaded and unloaded implants with different surfaces
Ibrahim Nergiz1, Nejat Arpak, Hamid Bostanci
1Clinic of Operative Dentistry and Preventive Dentistry, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, University of Hamburg, Germany.
Summary
Dental implant surface structures significantly impact success rates. Deep profile structure (DPS), titanium plasma sprayed (TPS), and hydroxyapatite coatings demonstrated superior torsional strength and osseointegration compared to smooth or sol-gel hydroxyapatite surfaces.
Area of Science:
- Dental Implantology
- Biomaterials Science
- Osseointegration Research
Background:
- Implant surface structure is critical for osseointegration and long-term stability.
- Understanding the biomechanical performance of different implant surfaces under functional loading is essential for clinical success.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the torsional strengths of five distinct dental implant surface structures.
- To evaluate the effects of functional loading on the osseointegration and stability of these implants.
Main Methods:
- An in vivo study involving 180 stepped cylindric implants with five surface types (smooth, DPS, TPS, HA, SGHA) in sheepdogs over 9 months.
- Implants were subjected to either functional loading or left unloaded after 3 months, with removal torque evaluated at 3, 6, and 9 months.
Main Results:
- Smooth and SGHA implants failed, while DPS, TPS, and HA implants showed successful osseointegration.
- DPS, TPS, and HA implants exhibited significantly higher removal torque resistance after 3 months compared to smooth and SGHA implants.
- Functional loading significantly increased removal torque resistance for TPS implants, while DPS showed no significant change.
Conclusions:
- Deep profile structure (DPS), titanium plasma sprayed (TPS), and hydroxyapatite (HA) coated implants achieve successful osseointegration.
- Controlled functional loading can enhance implant stability and removal torque resistance, particularly for TPS surfaces.
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