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Related Concept Videos

Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis01:21

Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis

Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.
Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention01:27

Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention

Management of renal calculi focuses on effective strategies like tailored nutrition and hydration therapy. Adjusting diet and fluid intake reduces stone formation and recurrence, making these interventions simple yet powerful in kidney stone prevention and management.Understanding Kidney StonesKidney stones form when calcium, oxalate, uric acid, and cystine concentrate and crystallize in urine. Factors contributing to their formation include genetic predisposition, certain medical conditions,...
Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

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Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin00:51

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Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management

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Related Experiment Videos

A practical approach to problems of hypercalcaemia.

Justin H Davies1

  • 1Department of Child Health, Southampton University Hospital Trust, Tremona Road, Southampton, UK. justin.davies@suht.swest.nhs.uk

Endocrine Development
|June 5, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Pediatric hypercalcemia, though rare, needs accurate diagnosis for effective treatment. Causes include excess parathyroid hormone (PTH) or other factors, with urine calcium aiding diagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Calcium Metabolism Disorders

Background:

  • Hypercalcemia is less common in children than hypocalcemia but requires careful diagnosis.
  • Potential causes include excess parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion, inactivating mutations in the calcium-sensing receptor, or other factors like vitamin D or parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the diagnostic approach to pediatric hypercalcemia.
  • To discuss the various etiologies and management strategies for hypercalcemia in children.

Main Methods:

  • Review of common and rare causes of pediatric hypercalcemia.
  • Emphasis on diagnostic clues such as urine calcium concentration.
  • Discussion of treatment options, including addressing the underlying cause and medical management.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Hypercalcemia in children can stem from PTH-dependent or PTH-independent causes.
  • Urine calcium levels can help differentiate between potential etiologies.
  • Treatment is tailored to the specific cause and may involve surgical, medical, or watchful waiting approaches.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective management of pediatric hypercalcemia.
  • A systematic approach considering PTH levels, urine calcium, and other factors is essential.
  • Treatment strategies vary widely depending on the underlying cause of hypercalcemia.