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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
What is the Skeletal System?01:02

What is the Skeletal System?

Overview
Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis01:21

Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis

Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.

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Related Experiment Videos

Secondary osteoporosis.

S F Ahmed1, M Elmantaser

  • 1Bone and Endocrine Research Group, Department of Child Health, University of Glasgow, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Yorkhill, Glasgow, UK. s.f.ahmed@clinmed.gla.ac.uk

Endocrine Development
|June 5, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Secondary osteoporosis in children requires specific definitions beyond bone density, considering underlying diseases or treatments. Management focuses on addressing causes, minimizing drug side effects, and optimizing lifestyle factors for bone health.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Bone Metabolism
  • Clinical Densitometry

Background:

  • Secondary osteoporosis in children presents diagnostic challenges compared to adults.
  • Recent definitions by the International Society for Clinical Densitometry incorporate clinical parameters alongside bone density.
  • This condition arises from underlying diseases or their treatments, disrupting bone formation and resorption balance during childhood growth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify the definition and diagnostic criteria for secondary osteoporosis in pediatric populations.
  • To outline the etiological factors contributing to altered bone accumulation in children.
  • To present a framework for managing secondary osteoporosis in children.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current diagnostic criteria for pediatric osteoporosis.
  • Analysis of factors influencing bone modeling and remodeling in secondary osteoporosis.
  • Evaluation of treatment principles for secondary osteoporosis.

Main Results:

  • Pediatric osteoporosis definitions necessitate clinical parameters beyond bone densitometry.
  • Both intrinsic disease processes and extrinsic factors like glucocorticoid therapy can lead to secondary osteoporosis.
  • Disturbances in bone turnover negatively impact bone mass accumulation during childhood.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of secondary osteoporosis involves addressing the root cause where feasible.
  • Minimizing the impact of bone-adverse medications is crucial.
  • Pharmacological interventions like bisphosphonates, alongside nutritional and lifestyle support (calcium, vitamin D, exercise), are vital when primary interventions are insufficient.