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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

High-throughput, Microscale Protocol for the Analysis of Processing Parameters and Nutritional Qualities in Maize (Zea mays L.)

High-throughput, Microscale Protocol for the Analysis of Processing Parameters and Nutritional Qualities in Maize (Zea mays L.)

Published on: June 16, 2018

Hardness methods for testing maize kernels.

Glen Fox¹, Marena Manley

¹Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, Queensland Grain Research Laboratory, Toowoomba, Queensland 4350, Australia.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

|June 6, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Maize hardness is crucial for processing efficiency and quality. Research reviews methods and biochemical factors like starch and zein proteins, paving the way for precise near-infrared (NIR) calibrations for industry use.

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High-throughput, Microscale Protocol for the Analysis of Processing Parameters and Nutritional Qualities in Maize (Zea mays L.)

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Quantitative Hardness Measurement by Instrumented AFM-indentation

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Published on: November 22, 2016

Area of Science:

Agricultural Science
Food Science
Biochemistry

Background:

Maize is a globally significant crop, vital for food security and industry.
Developing standardized hardness measurements is essential for improving maize processing efficiency and establishing quality premiums.
Maize hardness impacts food quality, but standardized measurement methods and understanding of contributing biochemical factors are needed.

Purpose of the Study:

To review methodologies for measuring maize hardness.
To explore the biochemical aspects of maize contributing to hardness.
To highlight the potential of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for maize quality assessment.

Main Methods:

Literature review of maize hardness measurement techniques.
Analysis of biochemical factors influencing maize hardness, focusing on starch and zein proteins.
Discussion of grinding and sieving methods for hardness assessment.

Main Results:

Grinding followed by sieving is a simple method to assess maize hardness, providing particle size distribution and coarse/fine ratios.
Maize hardness is influenced by starch content and protein composition, particularly zein fractions.
Maize hardness is a highly heritable trait, allowing for targeted breeding.

Conclusions:

Standardized maize hardness measurement can enhance processing efficiency and provide quality specifications.
Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy offers a precise tool for breeders, handlers, and processors once hardness parameters are established.
Breeding programs can effectively develop maize cultivars with desired hardness levels due to its heritability.