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Parallax: high accuracy three-dimensional single molecule tracking using split images.

Yujie Sun¹, Jennine Dawicki McKenna, John M Murray

¹Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, University of Pennsylvania, 3700 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.

|June 6, 2009

Summary

We developed Parallax, a novel 3D single molecule tracking microscopy technique. This method offers high precision for studying molecular trafficking and movement in living cells.

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Area of Science:

Biophysics
Cell Biology
Microscopy

Background:

Conventional microscopy lacks the depth information needed for comprehensive biological studies.
Understanding molecular dynamics in three dimensions is crucial for cellular processes.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a single molecule 3D tracking microscopy technique with high precision and temporal resolution.
To showcase the technique's utility in studying complex biological processes in vivo.

Main Methods:

Development of a novel 3D single molecule tracking microscopy technique named Parallax.
Utilizing Parallax to track glucose-transporter-4 vesicles in living adipocytes.
Applying Parallax to analyze the movement of single myosin VI molecules on actin filaments.

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A Protocol for Real-time 3D Single Particle Tracking

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Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Three-dimensional Super Resolution Microscopy of F-actin Filaments by Interferometric PhotoActivated Localization Microscopy (iPALM)

Three-dimensional Super Resolution Microscopy of F-actin Filaments by Interferometric PhotoActivated Localization Microscopy (iPALM)

Published on: December 1, 2016

3D Orbital Tracking in a Modified Two-photon Microscope: An Application to the Tracking of Intracellular Vesicles

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Published on: October 1, 2014

A Protocol for Real-time 3D Single Particle Tracking

A Protocol for Real-time 3D Single Particle Tracking

Published on: January 3, 2018

Main Results:

Achieved high localization precision and temporal resolution in 3D single molecule tracking.
Successfully visualized and analyzed the 3D trafficking of glucose-transporter-4 vesicles.
Detailed the 3D movement patterns of single myosin VI molecules along actin filaments.

Conclusions:

The Parallax technique provides valuable biological insights beyond conventional microscopy.
This method enables precise 3D tracking of molecular dynamics in living cells.
Parallax is a powerful tool for investigating cellular trafficking and molecular motors.