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Psychopathic traits moderate the interaction between cognitive and affective processing.

Jeremy D Dvorak-Bertsch1, John J Curtin, Tal J Rubinstein

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.

Psychophysiology
|June 6, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cognitive-attentional factors influence emotion deficits in psychopathy. Reduced fear response in psychopathy may stem from an attentional mechanism, specifically when individuals with Fearless Dominance direct attention away from threats.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Psychopathy is characterized by emotional deficits.
  • Cognitive-attentional factors may moderate these deficits.
  • Fearless Dominance and Impulsive Antisociality are key psychopathy dimensions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how cognitive-attentional factors moderate fear deficits in psychopathy.
  • To examine the role of attentional focus and working memory load.
  • To assess moderation by Fearless Dominance and Impulsive Antisociality on fear-potentiated startle (FPS).

Main Methods:

  • University students completed a task involving attentional focus on threat-relevant or threat-irrelevant dimensions.
  • Working memory load was manipulated (low vs. high).
  • Fear-potentiated startle (FPS) was measured as an indicator of fear response.

Main Results:

  • Attentional focus, not working memory load, moderated the link between Fearless Dominance and FPS.
  • Fearless Dominance negatively correlated with FPS when attention was directed away from threat.
  • No significant findings were observed for Impulsive Antisociality.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced fear response in psychopathy may be mediated by attentional mechanisms.
  • Individuals high in Fearless Dominance exhibit diminished fear when not attending to threats.
  • Attentional allocation plays a crucial role in the emotional deficits associated with psychopathy.