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Published on: November 8, 2015
Mycophenolate mofetil: effects on cellular immune subsets, infectious complications, and antimicrobial activity
1Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.
Summary
Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is a key immunosuppressant for transplant patients, inhibiting immune cells but increasing infection risk. However, MMF also shows antimicrobial properties, necessitating a deeper understanding for improved patient care.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Pharmacology
- Transplant Medicine
Background:
- Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is a widely used immunosuppressant in solid organ transplantation.
- MMF inhibits inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase, preferentially affecting B-cell and T-cell functions.
- Its immunosuppressive effects are crucial for preventing organ rejection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the dual role of MMF in immunosuppression and antimicrobial activity.
- To explore MMF's impact on immune cells and its interaction with various pathogens.
- To highlight the need for understanding MMF's functions for managing opportunistic infections in transplant recipients.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of MMF's pharmacological actions.
- Analysis of MMF's effects on immune cell populations (B-cells, T-cells).
- Examination of MMF's interactions with specific viral and microbial pathogens.
Main Results:
- MMF effectively suppresses immune responses, reducing transplant rejection.
- MMF use is associated with increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections like cytomegalovirus and BK virus.
- MMF demonstrates direct antimicrobial activity against pathogens including Hepatitis C, Pneumocystis jirovecii, and HIV.
Conclusions:
- MMF possesses a complex pharmacological profile with both immunosuppressive and antimicrobial properties.
- Understanding MMF's mechanisms is vital for mitigating infection risks in transplant patients.
- Further research into MMF's interactions can inform strategies for preventing and treating infections post-transplantation.
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