Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Gain01:15

Gain

677
Gain and phase shift are properties of linear circuits that describe the effect a circuit has on a sinusoidal input voltage or current. The circuit's behavior that contains reactive elements will depend on the frequency of the input sinusoid. As a result, it is observed that the gain and phase shift will all be frequency functions.
Gain:
Suppose Vin is the input and Vout is the output signal to a circuit.
677
Design Example01:23

Design Example

720
The innovation of touch-tone telephony revolutionized the telecommunications industry by replacing the traditional rotary dial with a dual-tone multi-frequency (DTMF) signaling system. This system uses a matrix-style keypad with buttons arranged in four rows and three columns, creating 12 distinct signals each assigned to a pair of frequencies. Each button press results in a simultaneous generation of two sinusoidal tones – one from a low-frequency group (697 to 941 Hz) and one from a...
720
Properties of Fourier Transform I01:21

Properties of Fourier Transform I

894
The application of Fourier Transform properties in radio broadcasting is multifaceted, enabling significant advancements in the way signals are transmitted and received. Key areas where these properties are utilized include simultaneous multi-channel transmission, audio clip speed adjustments, live broadcast delays for different time zones, audio frequency adjustments, and signal demodulation.
In radio broadcasting, multiple audio signals often need to be transmitted simultaneously. The Fourier...
894
Properties of Fourier Transform II01:24

Properties of Fourier Transform II

1.0K
The Fourier Transform (FT) is an essential mathematical tool in signal processing, transforming a time-domain signal into its frequency-domain representation. This transformation elucidates the relationship between time and frequency domains through several properties, each revealing unique aspects of signal behavior.
The Frequency Shifting property of Fourier Transforms highlights that a shift in the frequency domain corresponds to a phase shift in the time domain. Mathematically, if x(t) has...
1.0K
Phase-lead and Phase-lag Controllers01:22

Phase-lead and Phase-lag Controllers

669
Understanding the working function of different types of controllers can be illustrated with practical analogies, such as adjusting a stereo's volume equalizer. Cranking up the bass involves a phase-lead controller, which functions as a high-pass filter, while increasing the treble uses a phase-lag controller, which acts as a low-pass filter. PD controllers, similar to high-pass filters, enhance the system's response to high-frequency components. PI controllers, akin to low-pass...
669
Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lag Control01:21

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lag Control

475
Phase-lag controllers are widely used in control systems to improve stability and reduce steady-state errors. A dimmer switch controlling the brightness of a light bulb serves as a practical example of phase-lag control, gradually adjusting the bulb's brightness. Mathematically, phase-lag control or low-pass filtering is represented when the factor 'a' is less than 1.
Phase-lag controllers do not place a pole at zero, but instead influence the steady-state error by amplifying any...
475

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

High-mobility 40-Gbps free-space optical link by a three-stage high-speed beam stabilizer and 2-D photodetector array based diversity reception.

Optics express·2025
Same author

Millimeter Wave Attenuation Due to Wind and Heavy Rain in a Tropical Region.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2023
Same author

High-speed fiber-wireless-fiber system in the 100-GHz band using a photonics-enabled receiver and optical phase modulator.

Optics letters·2022
Same author

Flexible generation of 28 Gbps PAM4 60 GHz/80 GHz radio over fiber signal by injection locking of direct multilevel modulated laser to spacing-tunable two-tone light.

Optics express·2018
Same author

Optical subcarrier processing for Nyquist SCM signals via coherent spectrum overlapping in four-wave mixing with coherent multi-tone pump.

Optics express·2018
Same author

Multiple-frequency-spaced flat optical comb generation using a multiple-parallel phase modulator.

Optics letters·2017

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets
07:45

Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets

Published on: February 6, 2014

10.1K

All-optical modulation format conversion from frequency-shift-keying to phase-shift-keying.

Tetsuya Kawanishi, Takahide Sakamoto, Masayuki Izutsu

    Optics Express
    |June 6, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study demonstrates a new method for optical modulation format conversion, transforming frequency-shift-keying (FSK) signals into phase-shift-keying (PSK) signals. This technique enables efficient data transmission by converting optical frequency to phase.

    More Related Videos

    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
    09:43

    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

    Published on: March 20, 2017

    9.7K
    Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
    06:42

    Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

    Published on: June 8, 2018

    9.0K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: May 7, 2026

    Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets
    07:45

    Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets

    Published on: February 6, 2014

    10.1K
    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
    09:43

    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

    Published on: March 20, 2017

    9.7K
    Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
    06:42

    Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

    Published on: June 8, 2018

    9.0K

    Area of Science:

    • Photonics
    • Optical Communications
    • Signal Processing

    Background:

    • Optical modulation formats like frequency-shift-keying (FSK) and phase-shift-keying (PSK) are crucial for high-speed data transmission.
    • Converting between modulation formats can enhance spectral efficiency and receiver sensitivity.
    • Existing methods for FSK to PSK conversion may involve complex setups or performance limitations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and demonstrate a novel method for direct optical modulation format conversion from FSK to PSK.
    • To achieve high-speed conversion (10 Gbps) with a simplified optical architecture.
    • To explore the mapping of optical frequency to phase using intensity modulation and filtering.

    Main Methods:

    • Generation of a wideband optical FSK signal using an external FSK modulator.
    • Utilizing double-sideband suppressed-carrier modulation principles.
    • Feeding the FSK signal into an optical intensity modulator followed by an optical bandpass filter.
    • Employing a dual-electrode Mach-Zehnder intensity modulator for precise control.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully demonstrated direct conversion of an optical FSK signal to an optical PSK signal.
    • Achieved modulation format conversion at a data rate of 10 Gbps.
    • Showcased the principle of mapping optical frequency to phase through intensity modulation and spectral filtering.
    • The phase deviation of the output signal was shown to be dependent on the chirp characteristics of the input FSK signal.

    Conclusions:

    • A novel and effective method for optical FSK to PSK modulation format conversion has been realized.
    • The demonstrated technique offers a direct and high-speed approach for modulation conversion.
    • This advancement has potential implications for improving optical communication systems by enabling flexible modulation schemes.