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Updated: Jun 22, 2026
The Dimethylnitrosamine Induced Liver Fibrosis Model in the Rat
Published on: June 17, 2016
Effect of antisense oligomer in controlling c-raf.1 overexpression during diethylnitrosamine-induced
Tanushree Das1, Falguni Patra, Biswajit Mukherjee
1Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India.
Purpose:
In ras-mediated signal transduction pathway, c-raf.1 is believed to have predominant oncogenic potential and has been found to be highly expressed in certain human and animal malignancies including hepatocellular carcinoma. In the present study, anticancer efficacy of antisense c-raf.1 oligomer on the inhibition of c-raf.1 mRNA overexpression during hepatocarcinogenesis was determined.
Methods:
Initially antiproliferating effect of the antisense oligomers was studied in vitro by measuring the rate of tritiated thymidine incorporation into DNA in rat hepatocellular carcinoma cells in culture medium. Based on the findings, the antisense treatment was carried out in rat hepatocarcinogenesis model-initiated with diethylnitrosamine and promoted using 2-acetylaminoflourene. Different drug-metabolizing enzymes, lipid peroxidation, liver morphology and histopathological studies along with c-raf.1 gene expression by in situ hybridization were performed.
Results:
c-raf.1 antisense oligomers exhibited an inhibitory effect (approximately 68%) on cancer cell proliferation in vitro. Gross and microscopic examination of liver showed fewer (29%) and smaller hyperplastic nodules and preneoplastic lesions (30%) in carcinogen and antisense oligomer-treated group as compared with carcinogen control group. Treatment of antisense c-raf.1 oligomers enhanced cytochrome P-450 content (81%) and reduced glutathione S-transferase activity (33%), UDP glucuronosyltransferase activity (74%) and MDA concentration (30%) in carcinogen and antisense oligomer-treated group as compared with carcinogen control animals. The oligomer treatment also resulted in less expression in terms of c-raf.1 expressed lesion count as compared to carcinogen control group.
Conclusion:
The study demonstrates that the antisense oligomer targeted against c-raf.1 mRNA inhibits the overexpression of c-raf.1 gene during hepatocellular carcinoma in rats.
Insights
Antisense c-raf.1 oligomers effectively inhibited hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation in rats. This targeted therapy reduced cancerous lesions and suppressed c-raf.1 mRNA overexpression, showing promise for cancer treatment.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Hepatology
Background:
- c-raf.1 is implicated in oncogenesis and overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma.
- Targeting c-raf.1 mRNA offers a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the anticancer efficacy of antisense c-raf.1 oligomers.
- To assess the inhibition of c-raf.1 mRNA overexpression in a rat hepatocarcinogenesis model.
Main Methods:
- In vitro antiproliferative assays using rat hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
- In vivo studies in a diethylnitrosamine/2-acetylaminoflourene-induced rat hepatocarcinogenesis model.
- Analysis of drug-metabolizing enzymes, lipid peroxidation, liver morphology, histopathology, and c-raf.1 gene expression via in situ hybridization.
Main Results:
- Antisense c-raf.1 oligomers inhibited cancer cell proliferation by approximately 68% in vitro.
- Reduced hyperplastic nodules and preneoplastic lesions (29-30%) were observed in treated rats.
- Modulation of drug-metabolizing enzymes and reduced c-raf.1 expression in treated livers.
Conclusions:
- Antisense c-raf.1 oligomers demonstrate significant anticancer efficacy in a rat model of hepatocellular carcinoma.
- The study confirms that targeting c-raf.1 mRNA can inhibit gene overexpression during hepatocarcinogenesis.
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