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Anti-angiogenic effects and mechanisms of polysaccharides from Antrodia cinnamomea with different molecular weights
Chih-Min Yang1, Yu-Jie Zhou, Ran-Juh Wang
1Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC.
Ethnopharmacological Relevance:
Antrodia cinnamomea is a popular medicinal mushroom in Taiwan that has been widely used for treatment of various cancers and liver diseases.
Aim Of The Study:
This study aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory effect on angiogenesis of polysaccharides from mycelia of Antrodia cinnamomea (PMAC).
Materials And Methods:
PMAC were extracted in boiling water, precipitated with 95% ethanol, and separated into four different molecular weights (<5, 5-30, 30-100, > 100 kDa). Tube formation and chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay were used to determine the in vitro and ex vivo anti-angiogenic effects.
Results:
Only the PMAC-mononuclear cells (MNCs)-conditioned medium (CM) with MW > 100 kDa significantly and concentration-dependently decreased the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor in human leukemia cells and inhibited the matrigel tube formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Similarly only the PMAC-MNC-CM with MW > 100 kDa significantly and concentration-dependently increased the levels of interleukin (IL)-12 and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). In addition, the ex vivo CAM assay revealed that only the PMAC with MW>100 kDa significantly and dose-dependently inhibited neovascularization.
Conclusions:
PMAC with MW > 100 kDa are anti-angiogenic in vitro and ex vivo, and the effects are likely through immunomodulation.