Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for injury repair.
Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
The Nucleolus02:55

The Nucleolus

The nucleolus is the most prominent substructure of the nucleus. When it was first discovered, it was considered to be an isolated organelle that forms fibrils and granules. In 1931, the relationship between the nucleolus and chromosomes was first described by Heitz. He observed that the appearance and size of nucleolus varies depending on the stage of the cell cycle. He also noticed constricted regions on different chromosomes clustered together at definite cell cycle stages. These regions,...
The Nucleolus02:55

The Nucleolus

The nucleolus is the most prominent substructure of the nucleus. When it was first discovered, it was considered to be an isolated organelle that forms fibrils and granules. In 1931, the relationship between the nucleolus and chromosomes was first described by Heitz. He observed that the appearance and size of nucleolus varies depending on the stage of the cell cycle. He also noticed constricted regions on different chromosomes clustered together at definite cell cycle stages. These regions,...
Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

PD-L1-negative triple-negative breast cancer exhibited a remarkable response to cadonilimab: a case report.

Frontiers in oncology·2026
Same author

Adsorption-facilitated O-O bond cleavage of persulfates: A novel pathway for oxidation of organic compounds accelerated by carbon materials.

Journal of hazardous materials·2026
Same author

Simultaneous quantification of cytidine, methylcytidine, and hydroxymethylcytidine by isotope-dilution LC-MS/MS with application to mouse liver samples.

Journal of chromatography. A·2026
Same author

A scalable human liver-on-a-chip platform for predictive safety assessment.

Toxicology·2025
Same author

Advancements in the diagnosis and management of capecitabine-induced hand-foot syndrome.

Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology·2025
Same author

Long-term survival with multidisciplinary treatment in metastatic sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma: a case report and literature review.

Frontiers in oncology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Efficient Gene Knockdown in the Liver via Intrasplenic Injection of Adeno-Associated Virus Serotype 8 (AAV8)-Delivered Small Hairpin RNA
04:29

Efficient Gene Knockdown in the Liver via Intrasplenic Injection of Adeno-Associated Virus Serotype 8 (AAV8)-Delivered Small Hairpin RNA

Published on: November 1, 2024

Nucleostemin: a latecomer with new tricks.

Robert Y L Tsai1, Lingjun Meng

  • 1Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Alkek Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, 2121 W. Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA. rtsai@ibt.tamhsc.edu

The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology
|June 9, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nucleostemin, crucial for stem cells, differs functionally between vertebrates and invertebrates. Its evolution in vertebrates, alongside GNL3L, suggests new roles in vertebrate development and regeneration.

More Related Videos

In Situ Detection of Ribonucleoprotein Complex Assembly in the C. elegans Germline using Proximity Ligation Assay
08:56

In Situ Detection of Ribonucleoprotein Complex Assembly in the C. elegans Germline using Proximity Ligation Assay

Published on: May 5, 2020

Use of Time-Lapse Microscopy and Stage-Specific Nuclear Depletion of Proteins to Study Meiosis in S. cerevisiae
07:48

Use of Time-Lapse Microscopy and Stage-Specific Nuclear Depletion of Proteins to Study Meiosis in S. cerevisiae

Published on: October 11, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Efficient Gene Knockdown in the Liver via Intrasplenic Injection of Adeno-Associated Virus Serotype 8 (AAV8)-Delivered Small Hairpin RNA
04:29

Efficient Gene Knockdown in the Liver via Intrasplenic Injection of Adeno-Associated Virus Serotype 8 (AAV8)-Delivered Small Hairpin RNA

Published on: November 1, 2024

In Situ Detection of Ribonucleoprotein Complex Assembly in the C. elegans Germline using Proximity Ligation Assay
08:56

In Situ Detection of Ribonucleoprotein Complex Assembly in the C. elegans Germline using Proximity Ligation Assay

Published on: May 5, 2020

Use of Time-Lapse Microscopy and Stage-Specific Nuclear Depletion of Proteins to Study Meiosis in S. cerevisiae
07:48

Use of Time-Lapse Microscopy and Stage-Specific Nuclear Depletion of Proteins to Study Meiosis in S. cerevisiae

Published on: October 11, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Stem Cell Research

Background:

  • Nucleostemin is implicated in cell cycle control, tumorigenesis, and senescence.
  • Understanding nucleostemin's diverse functions across species is critical for stem cell research.
  • Differences in nucleostemin function between mammals and invertebrates require clarification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the evolutionary divergence of nucleostemin and its homologue GNL3L.
  • To elucidate the functional differences between mammalian and invertebrate nucleostemin.
  • To understand the implications of nucleostemin's evolution for vertebrate biology.

Main Methods:

  • Genome-wide search for nucleostemin and GNL3L homologues.
  • Comparative analysis of protein sequences across species.
  • Functional comparison of invertebrate and GNL3L homologues.

Main Results:

  • Nucleostemin and GNL3L are distinct genes only in vertebrates.
  • Protein sequences are conserved during vertebrate evolution to Mammalia.
  • Invertebrate orthologues function more like GNL3L than nucleostemin.

Conclusions:

  • Nucleostemin likely acquired novel functions during vertebrate evolution.
  • GNL3L may retain an evolutionarily conserved role.
  • The emergence of nucleostemin signifies new functional capabilities in vertebrates.