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Related Concept Videos

Assembly of the Lipid Bilayer in the ER01:28

Assembly of the Lipid Bilayer in the ER

Biological membranes are more than just a barrier separating cell cytoplasm from the outside environment. They are highly dynamic and help maintain the integrity and physiological stability of the cells as well as membrane-bound organelles. Membranes also play vital roles in cell-to-cell and intracellular communication.
A large chunk of any biological membrane is composed of phospholipids. These lipids have a heterogeneous distribution across different subcellular organelles and even between...
Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation00:59

Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation

Different physical properties of lipids and proteins allow them to localize and form distinct islands or domains in the membrane. Some membrane domains are formed due to protein-protein interactions, whereas others are formed due to the presence of specific lipids such as sphingolipids and sterols—for example, large proteins, such as bacteriorhodopsin, aggregate and create distinct domains.
Another mechanism for membrane domain formation involves membrane proteins interacting with cytoskeletal...
Detergent Purification of Membrane Proteins01:18

Detergent Purification of Membrane Proteins

Detergents are used to purify the integral proteins of the membrane. The hydrophobic portion of the detergent can replace membrane phospholipids while solubilizing the membrane proteins. When detergent monomers reach a specific concentration in a solution called critical micelle concentration (CMC), they form micelles. Above CMC, the concentration of the detergent monomers remains in equilibrium with the micelle. The number of detergent monomers present in the CMC varies for each detergent, and...
Protein Complex Assembly02:41

Protein Complex Assembly

Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types.  Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
Lipids as Anchors01:32

Lipids as Anchors

In the plasma membrane, the lipids forming the bilayer can also act as an anchor to tether proteins to the membrane. The three main types of lipid anchors found in eukaryotes are – prenyl groups, fatty acyl groups, and glycosylphosphatidylinositol or GPI groups. Prenyl and fatty acyl groups act as anchors on the cytosolic surface of the membrane, whereas GPI anchors proteins on the extracellular side.
The carboxy-terminal of most of the prenylated proteins, such as Ras proteins, contains the...
Micelles01:30

Micelles

Micelle formation is an intricate process that hinges on the properties of amphiphilic or amphipathic molecules and the conditions of the system in which they are found. Amphiphilic molecules, which have both hydrophilic (water-attracting) and hydrophobic (water-repelling) parts, play a critical role in this process.In aqueous environments, these molecules arrange themselves such that their hydrophilic heads are turned towards the water phase, while their hydrophobic tails are oriented away...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Assembly of Cell Mimicking Supported and Suspended Lipid Bilayer Models for the Study of Molecular Interactions
12:18

Assembly of Cell Mimicking Supported and Suspended Lipid Bilayer Models for the Study of Molecular Interactions

Published on: August 3, 2021

Protein assembly onto cationic supported bilayers.

Nilton Lincopan1, Ana Maria Carmona-Ribeiro

  • 1Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo,Caixa Postal 26077, São Paulo-SF, Brazil.

Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
|June 10, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cationic supported bilayers effectively immobilize proteins like cholera toxin (CT) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a thin, organized layer. This method enables applications in diagnostics and biomolecular separations.

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Assembly of Cell Mimicking Supported and Suspended Lipid Bilayer Models for the Study of Molecular Interactions
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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Surface Chemistry
  • Protein Chemistry

Background:

  • Supported lipid bilayers offer a platform for biomolecular immobilization.
  • Controlling protein assembly at low concentrations is crucial for biosensor development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the self-assembly of cholera toxin (CT) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) on cationic supported bilayers.
  • To characterize the resulting protein layers for potential biospecific recognition applications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide (DODAB) supported bilayers on polystyrene sulfate (PSS) latex particles.
  • Employed adsorption isotherms, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and zeta-potential analysis to characterize protein association.
  • Investigated protein immobilization at low concentrations (0-0.025 mg/mL).

Main Results:

  • Achieved high-affinity, self-assembly of CT and BSA, forming monomolecular, organized protein layers.
  • Produced highly monodisperse particulates at a density of 5 x 10^9 particles/mL.
  • Demonstrated the potential for biospecific recognition, including antigen-antibody interactions and oligonucleotide hybridization.

Conclusions:

  • Cationic supported bilayers are effective for isolating and immobilizing proteins as monomolecular layers.
  • The method yields organized protein structures suitable for immunodiagnosis, chromatography, and microarray design.
  • This approach facilitates the development of sensitive and selective biosensing platforms.