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Updated: Jun 22, 2026

A Two-Step Method for Percutaneous Transhepatic Choledochoscopic Lithotomy
Published on: September 13, 2022
Christof Börgermann1, F vom Dorp, H Sperling
1Department of Urology and Urooncology, University of Essen Medical School, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122 Essen, Germany. christof.boergermann@uk-essen.de
The Zeiss-loop procedure remains a viable option for removing small distal ureteral stones (<10 mm) under fluoroscopic guidance. This study suggests it can still be effective despite the prevalence of ureterorenoscopy (URS) and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL).
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