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Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotional Autobiographical Recollection
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Entorhinal cortex structure and functional MRI response during an associative verbal memory task.

Meredith N Braskie1, Gary W Small, Susan Y Bookheimer

  • 1Ahmanson-Lovelace Brain Mapping Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Human Brain Mapping
|June 10, 2009
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Summary

Thicker entorhinal cortex (ERC) in healthy older adults correlates with increased frontal brain activity during memory recall. This suggests ERC structure influences cognitive processes related to memory retrieval and aging.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neurology
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Entorhinal cortex (ERC) volume predicts prodromal Alzheimer's disease (AD) and neuronal loss is linked to AD, not normal aging.
  • The ERC is crucial for hippocampal input, suggesting structural changes impact cognitive function and brain activity during memory tasks.
  • Previous research indicates that memory tasks sensitive to aging and AD risk activate specific brain regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between left ERC thickness and functional brain activity during an associative verbal memory task in cognitively intact older adults.
  • To determine if ERC structure influences neural activation patterns during memory encoding and retrieval.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to measure brain activity in 32 cognitively intact older adults.
  • Left ERC thickness was manually defined on high-resolution MRI scans.
  • Participants performed an associative verbal memory task, and fMRI data were analyzed for correlations with ERC thickness.

Main Results:

  • Thicker left ERC was associated with greater activation in the anterior cingulate and medial frontal cortex during memory retrieval, but not encoding.
  • This association remained significant independent of hippocampal volume.
  • Anterior cingulate cortex and medial frontal cortex are involved in error detection, a function impaired in AD.

Conclusions:

  • In healthy older adults, structural integrity of the ERC is related to frontal lobe engagement during memory retrieval.
  • These findings suggest that ERC structure plays a role in cognitive processes supporting successful memory recall in aging.
  • The results highlight the connection between ERC structure and frontal network activity relevant to cognitive aging and AD.