Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Tongue and Taste Buds00:49

The Tongue and Taste Buds

The surface of the tongue is covered with various small bumps called papillae, which either distribute what has been ingested (filiform papillae) or contain the sensory taste (or gustatory) receptor cells (fungiform, circumvallate, and foliate papillae). Embedded within each taste-related papilla are the taste buds—clusters of 30 to 100 gustatory receptor cells.
Taste Buds and Receptors01:20

Taste Buds and Receptors

Gustation, or the sense of taste, is intrinsically linked to the anatomical structures located on the tongue. This organ's surface, along with the entirety of the oral cavity, is adorned with stratified squamous epithelium. Evident on the tongue are elevated structures known as papillae (singular = papilla), which house the mechanisms for the transduction of gustatory stimuli. Four distinct types of papillae exist, each identified by their unique morphological attributes: the circumvallate,...
Anatomy of the Ear01:16

Anatomy of the Ear

Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
Assessment of the Mouth01:26

Assessment of the Mouth

A thorough mouth assessment, including inspection and palpation of the lips, gums, tongue, tonsils, uvula, and pharynx, is crucial in detecting potential health issues. Diseases ranging from oral cancer to systemic conditions like diabetes could be identified early through careful oral examination. This article provides a detailed guide on conducting a comprehensive mouth assessment.
Mouth Inspection
The inspection begins with visually examining the mouth for symmetry, color, and size.
Role of Shaping in Operant Conditioning01:19

Role of Shaping in Operant Conditioning

Shaping is a technique used in operant conditioning to train complex behaviors by rewarding successive approximations toward the target behavior. This method is necessary because organisms are unlikely to perform complex behaviors spontaneously. Instead, shaping breaks down the desired behavior into small, manageable steps.
The steps involved in shaping begin with reinforcing any response that resembles the desired behavior. For example, parents might praise a child for picking up one toy. As...
Facial Feedback Hypothesis01:24

Facial Feedback Hypothesis

Charles Darwin proposed that facial expressions are an evolutionary adaptation for communication. He argued that these expressions are not influenced by culture but are universal across species. For example, a snarling expression with exposed teeth signals a threat in many animals, including humans. Darwin also suggested that displaying an emotion can intensify the feeling. Smiling, for example, could enhance one's sense of happiness. This idea laid the foundation for understanding the role of...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Perturbing postural stability affects acoustic properties but not fluency of adult speech production during face-to-face interactiona).

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same author

Self-reported expressibility predicts communicative success: Open dataset, validation, and simulation.

Behavior research methods·2026
Same author

Articulatory effort modulates speech adaptation to auditory perturbations.

Frontiers in human neuroscience·2026
Same author

Toward a Fuller Integration of Respiratory Rhythms Into Research on Infant Vocal and Motor Development.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·2026
Same author

A Clinically Compatible Method for Generating Preoperative Finite Element Models to Simulate Facial Appearance and Movements in Orthognathic Surgery.

International journal for numerical methods in biomedical engineering·2026
Same author

The Scope and Limits of Iconic Prosody: Head Angle Predicts <i>f</i>0 Changes While Object Size Effects Are Absent.

Open mind : discoveries in cognitive science·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

A Protocol for Comprehensive Assessment of Bulbar Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
12:43

A Protocol for Comprehensive Assessment of Bulbar Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

Published on: February 22, 2011

On the relationship between palate shape and articulatory behavior.

Jana Brunner1, Susanne Fuchs, Pascal Perrier

  • 1Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. brunner@zas.gwz-berlin.de

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|June 11, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Speakers with flat palates reduce tongue height variability to maintain consistent speech sounds. This study compared acoustic and articulatory differences in speakers with varying palate shapes.

More Related Videos

Method of Studying Palatal Fusion using Static Organ Culture
04:58

Method of Studying Palatal Fusion using Static Organ Culture

Published on: September 19, 2015

Isolation and Time-Lapse Imaging of Primary Mouse Embryonic Palatal Mesenchyme Cells to Analyze Collective Movement Attributes
07:13

Isolation and Time-Lapse Imaging of Primary Mouse Embryonic Palatal Mesenchyme Cells to Analyze Collective Movement Attributes

Published on: February 13, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 14, 2026

A Protocol for Comprehensive Assessment of Bulbar Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
12:43

A Protocol for Comprehensive Assessment of Bulbar Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

Published on: February 22, 2011

Method of Studying Palatal Fusion using Static Organ Culture
04:58

Method of Studying Palatal Fusion using Static Organ Culture

Published on: September 19, 2015

Isolation and Time-Lapse Imaging of Primary Mouse Embryonic Palatal Mesenchyme Cells to Analyze Collective Movement Attributes
07:13

Isolation and Time-Lapse Imaging of Primary Mouse Embryonic Palatal Mesenchyme Cells to Analyze Collective Movement Attributes

Published on: February 13, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Phonetics and Speech Science
  • Articulatory and Acoustic Phonetics
  • Speech Production and Perception

Background:

  • Palate shape influences vocal tract cross-sectional area changes with tongue movement.
  • A domed palate leads to less area change than a flat palate for similar tongue movements.
  • This suggests potentially greater acoustic variability for speakers with flat palates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between palate shape and articulatory/acoustic variability in speech.
  • To test the hypothesis that speakers with flat palates reduce articulatory variability to maintain acoustic stability.
  • To compare vowel and /j/ sound production in individuals with different palate morphologies.

Main Methods:

  • Electropalatography (EPG) was used to record tongue-palate contact.
  • Acoustic data was collected simultaneously with EPG recordings.
  • Articulatory (tongue height) and acoustic variability were measured for selected vowels and /j/ in 32 speakers.

Main Results:

  • Speakers with flat palates demonstrated reduced variability in tongue height.
  • No significant trend was observed in acoustic variability based on palate shape.
  • This indicates compensatory articulatory adjustments in speakers with flat palates.

Conclusions:

  • Speakers with flat palates employ reduced articulatory variability, specifically in tongue height, to achieve consistent speech output.
  • The study supports the hypothesis of articulatory compensation for acoustic stability in the context of different palate shapes.
  • Findings contribute to understanding the interplay between vocal tract anatomy and speech motor control strategies.