Interventional palliative strategies for malignant bowel obstruction
1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Charlton 8, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. baron.todd@mayo.edu
Current Oncology Reports
|June 11, 2009
Summary
Malignant bowel obstruction can be palliated using interventional techniques like self-expandable metal stents. These endoscopic and radiologic methods offer relief when other options are not feasible.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Interventional Radiology
- Oncology
Background:
- Malignant bowel obstruction (MBO) is a common complication of advanced cancer, causing luminal narrowing in the small bowel or colon.
- Small bowel obstruction frequently occurs in the duodenum.
- Nonoperative management is crucial for palliation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review interventional, nonoperative strategies for palliating malignant bowel obstruction.
- To highlight the role of endoscopic and radiologic techniques in managing MBO.
Main Methods:
- Review of endoscopic and radiologic interventional techniques for MBO palliation.
- Focus on the placement of self-expandable metal stents.
- Discussion of alternative palliative measures like gastrostomy and jejunal tubes.
Main Results:
- Self-expandable metal stents, placed endoscopically or radiologically, are primary methods for palliation of small bowel and colonic obstruction.
- Interventional radiologists perform radiologic palliation techniques.
- Gastrostomy and jejunal tubes serve as alternative palliative decompression methods.
Conclusions:
- Interventional, nonoperative strategies are effective for palliating malignant bowel obstruction.
- Self-expandable metal stents are a key modality for relieving MBO.
- Radiologic and endoscopic interventions provide essential palliative care options for cancer patients.
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