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Tuberculosis in patients on maintenance dialysis
1Department of Medicine, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Summary
Tuberculosis affects 28% of patients on maintenance dialysis, often presenting with unusual symptoms. Early diagnosis and treatment lead to full recovery, indicating a good prognosis for this vulnerable group.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Maintenance dialysis patients are a vulnerable population for infections.
- Tuberculosis (TB) incidence and presentation can be atypical in immunocompromised individuals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence and clinical characteristics of tuberculosis in patients undergoing maintenance dialysis.
- To evaluate the diagnostic challenges and treatment outcomes for TB in this patient cohort.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 25 patients on maintenance dialysis diagnosed with tuberculosis.
- Clinical data review including symptoms, diagnostic methods, and treatment response.
Main Results:
- Tuberculosis incidence was 28% (7/25 patients), predominantly in females (71.4%).
- Extrapulmonary TB (5/7 patients) was common, with tuberculous lymphadenitis being the most frequent form (57%).
- All patients diagnosed early and treated showed complete recovery without recurrence.
Conclusions:
- Dialysis patients have a significantly increased incidence of tuberculosis.
- Early diagnosis, recognizing atypical presentations, and prompt treatment are crucial for a favorable prognosis in dialysis patients with TB.