Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Modeling Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury in Proximal Tubular Epithelial Cells
Published on: November 21, 2025
Mitochondrial oxidative stress elicits chromosomal instability after exposure to isocyanates in human kidney
Pradyumna K Mishra1, Gorantla V Raghuram, Hariom Panwar
1Bhopal Memorial Hospital & Research Centre, Bhopal, India. pkm_8bh@yahoo.co.uk
Abstract:
The role of oxidative stress is often attributed in environmental renal diseases. Isocyanates, a ubiquitous chemical group with diverse industrial applications, are known to undergo bio-transformation reactions upon accidental and occupational exposure. This study delineates the role of isocyanate-mediated mitochondrial oxidative stress in eliciting chromosomal instability in cultured human kidney epithelial cells. Cells treated with 0.005 microM concentration of methyl isocyanate displayed morphological transformation and stress-induced senescence. Along the time course, an increase in DCF fluorescence indicative of oxidative stress, depletion of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) and consistent accumulation of 8-oxo-dG were noticed. Thus, endogenous oxidative stress resulted in aberrant expression of p53, p21, cyclin E and CDK2 proteins, suggestive of deregulated cell cycle, chromosomal aberrations, centromeric amplification, aneuploidy and genomic instability.
Related Concept Videos
Cellular Injury I: Introduction
Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity
Spontaneous and Induced Mutations
Mitochondrial Membranes
Bioactivation and Tissue Toxicity

