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Related Concept Videos

Complement System01:27

Complement System

The complement system is a group of approximately 20 plasma proteins that strengthen the body's defenses against infections through opsonization, inflammation, and cell lysis. Opsonization involves coating pathogens with complement proteins, making them more recognizable and facilitating phagocyte engulfment. Certain complement proteins induce inflammation that attracts immune cells to the site of infection. Cell lysis involves the destruction of pathogens through the formation of a membrane...
Acute Inflammation III: Local and Systemic Effects01:25

Acute Inflammation III: Local and Systemic Effects

Acute inflammation produces a coordinated set of local and systemic changes that limit injury, eliminate pathogens, and initiate repair. These responses arise within minutes of infection, trauma, or chemical insult and are driven by vascular alterations and leukocyte-derived mediators. When the stimulus resolves, the reaction typically abates within days.Local EffectsAt the site of injury, arteriolar vasodilation increases blood flow, resulting in redness and warmth. Simultaneously, increased...
Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways of Hemostasis01:20

Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways of Hemostasis

Blood clotting or coagulation involves extrinsic and intrinsic pathways, which ultimately merge into the common pathway, forming a fibrin clot.
The Extrinsic Pathway
The extrinsic pathway of coagulation is typically initiated by tissue damage that exposes blood to tissue factor (TF), a protein released by the damaged tissue cells outside the blood vessels—this interaction with TF triggers biochemical reactions involving specific clotting factors. The key player here is Factor VII, which forms a...
Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

Overview
Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular01:30

Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular

The inflammatory response is the body's defense against infection, injury, or irritation from bacteria, trauma, toxins, or heat. Inflammation helps locate and destroy pathogens and remove damaged tissue elements to heal the body. During this initial phase, fluid, blood products, and nutrients migrate to the injured area, resulting in redness, heat, swelling, ache, and loss of function. Moreover, signs of systemic inflammation include fever, increased WBC count, malaise, anorexia, nausea,...
Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

In Vivo Imaging Uncovers the Migratory Behavior of Leukocytes within the Joints
10:10

In Vivo Imaging Uncovers the Migratory Behavior of Leukocytes within the Joints

Published on: December 9, 2025

The contact/kinin and complement systems in vasculitis.

Diana Karpman1, Robin Kahn

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. Diana.Karpman@med.lu.se

APMIS. Supplementum
|June 12, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vasculitis involves inflammation and vascular leakage, activating complement and kinin systems. These systems, while not primary triggers, contribute to inflammation and vascular leakage, offering potential therapeutic targets.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

In Vivo Imaging Uncovers the Migratory Behavior of Leukocytes within the Joints
10:10

In Vivo Imaging Uncovers the Migratory Behavior of Leukocytes within the Joints

Published on: December 9, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pathophysiology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Vasculitides are inflammatory conditions affecting blood vessels, characterized by vascular leakage.
  • Mechanisms include auto-antibodies (e.g., ANCA) and other autoimmune processes.
  • Both complement and contact/kinin systems are activated in vasculitis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of complement and kinin systems in vasculitis.
  • To explore the interplay between these systems and vascular inflammation.
  • To identify potential therapeutic targets within these pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Review of in vivo and in vitro data.
  • Analysis of complement pathway activation (alternative, classical, lectin).
  • Assessment of bradykinin release and its role in vascular inflammation.

Main Results:

  • Complement and kinin systems are activated at sites of vascular inflammation in vasculitis.
  • These systems interact with endothelium and neutrophils.
  • Released peptides contribute significantly to inflammation and vascular leakage.

Conclusions:

  • Complement and kinin systems are key contributors to vasculitis pathology, not primary initiators.
  • Therapeutic strategies targeting these systems may mitigate inflammation and vascular leakage.
  • Understanding these interactions is crucial for developing novel vasculitis treatments.