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Related Concept Videos

Parkinson's Disease: Treatment01:24

Parkinson's Disease: Treatment

Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), involve the gradual and irreversible destruction of neurons in particular brain areas. These disorders exhibit standard features like proteinopathies, selective vulnerability of some neurons, and an interaction of intrinsic properties, genetics, and environmental influences in neural injury.
Parkinson's Disease is primarily a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The cornerstone of its...
Parkinson's Disease: Overview01:15

Parkinson's Disease: Overview

Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is to...
Parkinson Disease l: Introduction01:24

Parkinson Disease l: Introduction

Parkinson’s disease is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects movement. It is characterized by motor symptoms such as resting tremors, muscle rigidity, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), and postural instability. Patients may notice hand tremors at rest, stiffness during movement, or a shuffling gait. In addition to motor features, non-motor symptoms include sleep disturbances, mood and behavioral changes, constipation, and cognitive impairment, all of which...
Alterations in Muscle Tone ll01:12

Alterations in Muscle Tone ll

Alterations in muscle tone are common manifestations of neurological disorders and reflect dysfunction within different nervous system regions. Spasticity, paratonia, and dystonia represent distinct forms of hypertonia, each with unique mechanisms, clinical features, and diagnostic importance.CharacteristicsSpasticity happens from upper motor neuron lesions and is characterized by velocity-dependent resistance to passive movement. Clinical features include:Exaggerated deep tendon reflexesClonus...
Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment01:20

Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment

Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and increased fatigability of skeletal muscles. It is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately one in 2000 people, where antibodies against the α1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are produced.
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Alterations in Muscle Tone lll01:11

Alterations in Muscle Tone lll

Rigidity and myotonia are distinct abnormalities of muscle tone that affect resistance and relaxation during movement. Although both involve altered muscle contraction, they arise from different neurological and muscular mechanisms.CharacteristicsRigidity is characterized by uniform resistance to passive movement across the entire range, independent of speed, affecting flexors and extensors equally. It may appear as lead-pipe rigidity (smooth, constant resistance) or cogwheel rigidity...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

MRI-guided Focused Ultrasound Thalamotomy for Patients with Medically-refractory Essential Tremor
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MRI-guided Focused Ultrasound Thalamotomy for Patients with Medically-refractory Essential Tremor

Published on: December 13, 2017

An update on essential tremor.

Rodger J Elble1, Günther Deuschl

  • 1Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62794, USA. relble@siumed.edu

Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports
|June 12, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Essential tremor is a syndrome of kinetic and postural tremor. Emerging evidence indicates essential tremor is a heterogeneous disorder, with recent treatment advances also reviewed.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Movement Disorders

Background:

  • Essential tremor (ET) is a neurological disorder characterized by kinetic and postural tremor.
  • ET typically affects the hands but can involve the head, voice, and legs.
  • Some patients also exhibit impaired tandem walking, intention tremor, and rest tremor.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical, neuropathological, and epidemiologic evidence suggesting essential tremor is a heterogeneous disorder.
  • To discuss recent advances in the treatment of essential tremor.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing clinical studies.
  • Analysis of neuropathological findings.
  • Examination of epidemiologic data.

Main Results:

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Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

MRI-guided Focused Ultrasound Thalamotomy for Patients with Medically-refractory Essential Tremor
05:54

MRI-guided Focused Ultrasound Thalamotomy for Patients with Medically-refractory Essential Tremor

Published on: December 13, 2017

Determining the Functional Status of the Corticospinal Tract Within One Week of Stroke
09:10

Determining the Functional Status of the Corticospinal Tract Within One Week of Stroke

Published on: February 22, 2020

  • Growing evidence supports essential tremor as a heterogeneous condition.
  • Specific clinical, pathological, and epidemiological features contribute to this understanding.

Conclusions:

  • Essential tremor is not a monolithic disorder but encompasses diverse presentations.
  • Understanding ET heterogeneity is crucial for targeted treatment strategies.