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Trabecular Meshwork Response to Pressure Elevation in the Living Human Eye

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Published on: June 20, 2015

[Intraocular pressure measurement in children].

H Bresson-Dumont¹

¹Département Glaucome, Clinique Sourdille, 3, place Anatole France, 44000 Nantes, France. hbressondumont@free.fr

Journal Francais D'Ophtalmologie

|June 12, 2009

Summary

Measuring intraocular pressure (IOP) in children is challenging due to compliance issues. Established normal pediatric IOP ranges are needed, considering various measurement techniques and age-related trends for accurate glaucoma diagnosis.

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Pediatric eye care

Context:

Intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement in children presents unique challenges.
Limited established normal IOP ranges for pediatric populations exist due to variable study conditions and instrumentation.
Non-contact tonometry can be unreliable in children, while contact methods pose compliance difficulties.

Purpose:

To review the challenges and current understanding of intraocular pressure measurement in children.
To discuss the variability in normal pediatric IOP and factors influencing measurements.
To highlight the importance of accurate IOP assessment for diagnosing pediatric glaucoma.

Summary:

Pediatric IOP measurement is difficult due to non-compliance; normal ranges are not well-established.
Perkins applanation tonometer shows mean IOP under 8 mmHg before 3 months and under 12 mmHg between 6-9 months, increasing ~1 mmHg/year until age 12.
A proposed formula for normal pediatric IOP is To=0.71 x age (years) +10 up to age 10, approaching adult levels by age 12.
Pediatric glaucoma (congenital, juvenile, secondary) is rare but requires confirmed hypertony via multiple methods, central corneal thickness, and clinical examination.

Impact:

Provides a foundation for understanding pediatric IOP measurement challenges.
Informs the development of more reliable IOP assessment methods for children.
Aids clinicians in interpreting IOP readings and diagnosing pediatric glaucoma accurately.