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Related Concept Videos

Band Theory02:35

Band Theory

When two or more atoms come together to form a molecule, their atomic orbitals combine and molecular orbitals of distinct energies result. In a solid, there are a large number of atoms, and therefore a large number of atomic orbitals that may be combined into molecular orbitals. These groups of molecular orbitals are so closely placed together to form continuous regions of energies, known as the bands.
The energy difference between these bands is known as the band gap.
Conductor, Semiconductor,...
Bending01:10

Bending

Pure bending is a fundamental concept in structural mechanics, essential for understanding how materials deform under symmetrical loads without direct forces. Pure bending occurs when prismatic members, such as beams, are subjected to equal and opposite moments that induce bending. The phenomenon is crucial as it allows for predicting stress distributions without the influence of axial or shear forces.
In pure bending, the bending stress in a beam is calculated based on the bending moment and...
Energy Bands in Solids01:01

Energy Bands in Solids

Isolated atoms have discrete energy levels that are well described by the Bohr model. And, it quantifies the energy of an electron in a hydrogen atom as En. Higher quantum numbers 'n' yield less negative, closer electron energy levels.
 Band Formation:
When atoms are brought close together, as in a solid, these discrete energy levels begin to split due to the overlap of electron orbitals from adjacent atoms. This split occurs because of the Pauli exclusion principle, which states that no two...
Bending of Members Made of Several Materials01:11

Bending of Members Made of Several Materials

In analyzing a structural member composed of two different materials with identical cross-sectional areas, it is crucial to understand how their distinct elastic properties affect the member's response under load. The analysis involves assessing stress and strain distributions using the transformed section concept, which accounts for variations in material properties.
Hooke's Law determines stress in each material, stating that stress is proportional to strain but varies due to each material's...
Bending of Curved Members - Strain Analysis01:14

Bending of Curved Members - Strain Analysis

The mechanics of deformation in curved members, such as beams or arches, under bending moments, involve complex responses. When such a member, symmetric about the y-axis and shaped like a segment of a circle centered at point C, is subjected to equal and opposite forces, its curvature and surface lengths change significantly. This alteration results in the shift of the curvature's center from C to C', indicating a tighter curve.
The important part of bending analysis for such a member is the...
Unsymmetric Bending01:18

Unsymmetric Bending

Unsymmetrical bending occurs when the bending moment applied to a structural member does not align with its principal axis. This misalignment leads to complex stress distributions and deflection patterns that differ from those in symmetrical bending, and are essential for designing structures to withstand different loading conditions. In unsymmetrical bending, the neutral axis—where stress is zero—does not necessarily align with the geometric axes of the cross-section. The orientation of the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

A Fabrication and Measurement Method for a Flexible Ferroelectric Element Based on Van Der Waals Heteroepitaxy
10:40

A Fabrication and Measurement Method for a Flexible Ferroelectric Element Based on Van Der Waals Heteroepitaxy

Published on: April 8, 2018

Bend loss in all-solid bandgap fibres.

T A Birks, F Luan, G J Pearce

    Optics Express
    |June 12, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary

    Bend loss in all-solid photonic bandgap fibers unexpectedly varied across bandgaps. This study explains the phenomenon using field distributions, offering insights for fiber improvement.

    Area of Science:

    • Photonics
    • Materials Science
    • Optical Fiber Technology

    Background:

    • All-solid photonic bandgap fibers (PBGFs) are crucial for advanced optical applications.
    • Understanding their performance under bending is essential for practical deployment.
    • Previous studies have not fully elucidated the complex behavior of bend loss in PBGFs.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the unexpected variation of bend loss across different photonic bandgaps in all-solid PBGFs.
    • To elucidate the underlying physical mechanisms responsible for this observed phenomenon.
    • To propose design improvements for PBGFs based on the findings.

    Main Methods:

    • Experimental measurements of bend loss in fabricated all-solid PBGFs.
    • Numerical calculations of photonic band structure.

    More Related Videos

    Effect of Bending on the Electrical Characteristics of Flexible Organic Single Crystal-based Field-effect Transistors
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    Effect of Bending on the Electrical Characteristics of Flexible Organic Single Crystal-based Field-effect Transistors

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    Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials
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    Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials

    Published on: September 26, 2014

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    Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

    A Fabrication and Measurement Method for a Flexible Ferroelectric Element Based on Van Der Waals Heteroepitaxy
    10:40

    A Fabrication and Measurement Method for a Flexible Ferroelectric Element Based on Van Der Waals Heteroepitaxy

    Published on: April 8, 2018

    Effect of Bending on the Electrical Characteristics of Flexible Organic Single Crystal-based Field-effect Transistors
    08:43

    Effect of Bending on the Electrical Characteristics of Flexible Organic Single Crystal-based Field-effect Transistors

    Published on: November 7, 2016

    Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials
    10:35

    Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials

    Published on: September 26, 2014

  • Analysis of the field distributions of cladding rod modes.

    • Main Results:

    • An unexpected variation in bend loss was observed across different bandgaps.
    • Photonic band structure calculations confirmed the experimental observations.
    • The variation in bend loss was attributed to differing field distributions of cladding rod modes.

    Conclusions:

    • The study successfully explained the complex bend loss behavior in all-solid PBGFs.
    • Insights into mode field distributions provide a basis for optimizing fiber design.
    • Proposed improvements aim to enhance the performance of PBGFs in practical applications.