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Injuries in working populations: black-white differences.

D K Wagener1, D W Winn

  • 1Division of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta.

American Journal of Public Health
|November 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Racial disparities exist in injury rates among working adults, with Blacks reporting fewer injuries than Whites. This study explores sociodemographic factors influencing these differences in injury epidemiology.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Injury Epidemiology
  • Sociodemographic Factors

Background:

  • Mortality from "accidents and adverse effects" is higher among Black populations compared to White populations.
  • However, annual injury rates reported in the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) are lower among Black individuals.
  • This study investigates the influence of sociodemographic risk factors on injury rates among working adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of sociodemographic factors on racial differences in injury rates among working adults.
  • To understand the complex etiology of injuries and inform public health injury prevention programs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data from 1983 to 1987 for currently employed adults.
  • Employed statistical methods to estimate standard errors accounting for varying sample frames and sizes.

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Main Results:

  • Working Black adults reported fewer injuries requiring medical attention or activity restriction than working White adults (22.0 vs 27.0 per 100 person-years).
  • This disparity was more pronounced in younger adults and across income levels, though not fully explained by age, sex, or income.
  • "At-work" injury rates were similar between racial groups (9.2 vs 9.9 per 100 person-years), with some indication of lower rates among low-income Blacks and those in service or blue-collar occupations.

Conclusions:

  • Potential reporting biases could not be entirely excluded as a factor in the observed differences.
  • The findings suggest that true differences in injury rates by race may exist, underscoring the complexity of injury etiology.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand these disparities and develop effective public health interventions for injury prevention.