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Time-reversal-invariant topological superconductors and superfluids in two and three dimensions
Xiao-Liang Qi1, Taylor L Hughes, S Raghu
1Department of Physics, McCullough Building, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4045, USA.
Abstract:
We construct time-reversal invariant topological superconductors and superfluids in two and three dimensions. These states have a full pairing gap in the bulk, gapless counterpropagating Majorana states at the boundary, and a pair of Majorana zero modes associated with each vortex. The superfluid 3He B phase provides a physical realization of the topological superfluidity, with experimentally measurable surface states protected by the time-reversal symmetry. We show that the time-reversal symmetry naturally emerges as a supersymmetry, which changes the parity of the fermion number associated with each time-reversal invariant vortex and connects each vortex with its superpartner.
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