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Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Asymmetrical Flow Field-Flow Fractionation for Sizing of Gold Nanoparticles in Suspension
Published on: September 11, 2020
Separation and characterization of protein aggregates and particles by field flow fractionation
Shawn Cao1, Joey Pollastrini, Yijia Jiang
1Formulation and Analytical Resources, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, 91320, USA. scao@amgen.com
Abstract:
Field flow fractionation (FFF) is a technique that holds great promise for the analysis and characterization of protein aggregates and particles, due to its wide dynamic range and matrix-free separation mechanism. FFF can be routinely used to achieve good monomer-oligomer separation and quantification for a variety of protein types, and is a reasonable choice for an orthogonal method for size exclusion chromatography and analytical ultracentrifugation. Quantifying sub-micrometer particles in protein therapeutics is a potential of the FFF technique that is yet to be realized, due to the lack of detection with sufficient sensitivity. In this article the effect of several important parameters on the optimization of FFF analyses are explored, and the strengths, weaknesses, and potential new applications of the technique are discussed.
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