Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

A Murine Model of Group B Streptococcus Vaginal Colonization
10:19

A Murine Model of Group B Streptococcus Vaginal Colonization

Published on: November 16, 2016

Distribution of emm types among group A streptococcal isolates from Serbia

V Mijac1, L Ranin, M Marković

  • 1Institute for Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia. veramijac@yahoo.com

Clinical Microbiology and Infection : the Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
|June 13, 2009
PubMed

Insights

This study investigated Group A Streptococcus in Serbia, finding diverse emm types and notable tetracycline resistance. Macrolide resistance remained low, highlighting specific resistance patterns in the region.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Epidemiology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is a significant human pathogen.
  • Understanding its molecular epidemiology is crucial for public health.
  • Limited data existed on GAS in Serbia prior to this study.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct the first molecular epidemiological analysis of GAS in Serbia.
  • To characterize emm types, superantigen profiles, and antimicrobial susceptibility.
  • To identify prevalent strains and resistance patterns between 2001-2007.

Main Methods:

  • Collection of 145 GAS isolates from Serbian patients (2001-2007).
  • Determination of emm types, superantigen profiles, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns.
  • Analysis of molecular markers and resistance data.

Main Results:

  • Identified 31 distinct emm types, with emm 6, emm 12, emm 1, and emm 58 being most prevalent.
  • Observed significant emm type heterogeneity, particularly high frequencies of emm 6 and emm 58.
  • Found uniform susceptibility to most antibiotics, except for tetracycline (41% resistance) and erythromycin (0.7% resistance).

Conclusions:

  • The study provides the first molecular epidemiology data for GAS in Serbia.
  • Emm types emm 6 and emm 58 are significant in the Serbian population.
  • High tetracycline resistance and low macrolide resistance are key findings for Serbian GAS isolates.

More Related Videos

An Allelotyping PCR for Identifying Salmonella enterica serovars Enteritidis, Hadar, Heidelberg, and Typhimurium12:18

An Allelotyping PCR for Identifying Salmonella enterica serovars Enteritidis, Hadar, Heidelberg, and Typhimurium

Published on: July 22, 2011

Genotyping of Staphylococcus aureus by Ribosomal Spacer PCR (RS-PCR)08:51

Genotyping of Staphylococcus aureus by Ribosomal Spacer PCR (RS-PCR)

Published on: November 4, 2016

Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Phylum Spirochaetes01:30

Bacterial Phylum Spirochaetes

Spirochetes, unique bacteria in the phylum Spirochaetes, are gram-negative, motile, tightly coiled, slender, and flexible. They inhabit aquatic sediments and animals, with some causing diseases like syphilis. Spirochetes are classified into eight genera based on habitat, pathogenicity, phylogeny, and characteristics.Their distinctive motility arises from endoflagella, located within the cell’s periplasm. These endoflagella anchor at the cell poles and extend along the cell length, encased by a...
Streptococcal Pharyngitis01:27

Streptococcal Pharyngitis

Streptococcal pharyngitis, commonly known as “strep throat,” is an acute infection of the oropharyngeal tissues caused by the Gram‑positive Group A Streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenes). Transmission occurs primarily through respiratory droplets expelled during coughing, sneezing, or talking.Mechanisms of Host Entry and Immune EvasionUpon entering the host, S. pyogenes adheres to the mucosal epithelial cells of the pharynx via surface proteins, notably lipoteichoic acid and the antiphagocytic...
Bacterial Phylum Actinobacteria01:30

Bacterial Phylum Actinobacteria

Coryneform bacteria are gram-positive, aerobic, nonmotile rods that exhibit irregular, club-shaped, or V-shaped arrangements. Their V-shape results from snapping division, where the inner cell wall layer forms the cross-wall, while the outer layer remains intact until it ruptures on one side, causing the daughter cells to bend away.The primary genera are Corynebacterium and Arthrobacter. Corynebacterium includes diverse species, ranging from saprophytes to pathogens like Corynebacterium...