A histomorphometric meta-analysis of sinus elevation with various grafting materials

Area of Science:

• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
• Dental Implantology
• Regenerative Medicine

Background:

• Sinus augmentation procedures utilize various grafting materials, including autogenous bone, demineralized freeze-dried bone (DFDBA), hydroxyapatite, beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP), and anorganic deproteinized bovine bone.
• The optimal graft material for sinus floor augmentation remains a subject of debate in maxillofacial surgery and dentistry.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide evidence-based data on the fate of grafting materials used in external sinus floor elevation.
• To evaluate histomorphological changes and bone regeneration at the augmented site through a meta-analysis.

Main Methods:

• Literature searches were conducted in the National Library of Medicine for English and German articles published between 1995 and 2006.
• The primary parameter assessed was "Total Bone Volume" (TBV), representing the percentage of bone tissue in the augmented area.

Main Results:

• Autogenous bone exhibited the highest TBV values in the early stages post-implantation.
• Over time, TBV levels across different grafting materials converged.
• No statistically significant differences in TBV were observed among the various materials after nine months.

Conclusions:

• Autogenous bone is clinically advantageous for sinus augmentation when prosthetic rehabilitation is anticipated within nine months.
• For cases extending beyond nine months, anorganic deproteinized bovine bone combined with autogenous bone may be preferable.
• Donor site morbidity was not considered in this analysis.