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MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

Nucleic Acid Structure

Nucleic Acid Structure

The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA has a double-helix structure. The...

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MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

Published on: October 7, 2025

MicroRNA and leukemia: tiny molecule, great function.

Haifeng Zhao¹, Donghai Wang, Weiting Du

¹State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin 300020, PR China.

Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology

|June 13, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

MicroRNAs regulate gene expression and are implicated in leukemia development. This review explores their crucial roles in various leukemia types, highlighting their therapeutic potential.

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Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Genetics
Oncology

Background:

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs regulating gene expression.
Aberrant miRNA expression is linked to the pathology of various cancers, including leukemia.
miRNAs are emerging as significant therapeutic targets in oncology.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent research on the role of miRNAs in leukemia pathogenesis.
To discuss the involvement of miRNAs in different types of leukemia: AML, ALL, CML, and CLL.

Main Methods:

Literature review of recent scientific publications.
Analysis of studies investigating miRNA expression and function in leukemia.
Synthesis of current knowledge on miRNA-mediated gene regulation in leukemogenesis.

Main Results:

Recent studies highlight the critical involvement of specific miRNAs in the development and progression of leukemia.
Dysregulated miRNAs contribute to key pathological processes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).
The review consolidates evidence supporting miRNAs as crucial regulators in leukemia.

Conclusions:

MicroRNAs play a vital role in the pathogenesis of leukemia.
Targeting miRNAs offers a promising therapeutic strategy for leukemia treatment.
Further research into miRNA function in leukemia is warranted to develop novel therapies.