Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Diels–Alder Reaction Forming Bridged Bicyclic Products: Stereochemistry01:29

Diels–Alder Reaction Forming Bridged Bicyclic Products: Stereochemistry

Diels–Alder reactions between cyclic dienes locked in an s-cis configuration and dienophiles yield bridged bicyclic products.
Disubstituted Cyclohexanes: cis-trans Isomerism02:37

Disubstituted Cyclohexanes: cis-trans Isomerism

Depending upon the different spatial orientation of the substituents, the disubstituted cycloalkanes exhibit two types of stereoisomers. The cis isomers have the substituents on the same side of the ring, whereas the trans isomers have the substituents on the opposite sides. These stereoisomers exhibit different physical properties and cannot be interconverted without breaking the carbon-carbon bonds.
In cyclohexane, the substituents can occupy different positions generating distinct isomers.
Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H01:19

Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H

Nitrous acid, a weak acid, is prepared in situ via the reaction of sodium nitrite with a strong acid under cold conditions. This nitrous acid prepared in situ reacts with primary arylamines to form arenediazonium salts. Such reactions are known as diazotization reactions. As shown in Figure 1, the formation of arenediazonium salts begins with the decomposition of nitrous acid in an acidic solution to give nitrosonium ions.
Diels–Alder Reaction: Characteristics of Dienes01:29

Diels–Alder Reaction: Characteristics of Dienes

The Diels–Alder reaction brings together a diene and a dienophile to form a six-membered ring. Both components have unique characteristics that influence the rate of the reaction.
Characteristics of the diene
Conformation
The simplest example of a diene is 1,3-butadiene, an acyclic conjugated π system. At room temperature, the molecule exists as a mixture of s-cis and s-trans conformers by virtue of rotation around the carbon–carbon single bond. Although the s-trans isomer is more stable, the...
[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction01:16

[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction

The Diels–Alder reaction is an example of a thermal pericyclic reaction between a conjugated diene and an alkene or alkyne, commonly referred to as a dienophile. The reaction involves a concerted movement of six π electrons, four from the diene and two from the dienophile, forming an unsaturated six-membered ring. As a result, these reactions are classified as [4+2] cycloadditions.
Racemic Mixtures and the Resolution of Enantiomers02:30

Racemic Mixtures and the Resolution of Enantiomers

A racemic mixture, or racemate, is an equimolar mixture of enantiomers of a molecule that can be separated using their unique interaction with chiral molecules or media. Racemic mixtures are denoted by the (±)- prefix. This ‘optical rotation descriptor’ applies to the whole solution of a racemic mixture rather than a specific stereoisomer. Enantiomers typically have the same physical and chemical properties. Hence, they are not easily separable. However, enantiomers can exhibit different...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Decarboxylation via a Higher Electronic Excited State Drives LSSmOrange Photoconversion.

ACS physical chemistry Au·2026
Same author

Crystal Engineering of Intrinsic Dynamicity in Metal-Organic Frameworks for Adaptive Multicomponent Catalysis.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Affinity membranes in downstream bioprocessing: From chemical design rules to ligand engineering.

Journal of chromatography. A·2026
Same author

Chiral resolution of racemic ibuprofen sodium <i>via</i> diastereomeric ionic cocrystallization with proline.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same author

An unusual two-dimensional MOF formed from Ni<sup>II</sup>, thio-phene-2,5-di-carboxyl-ate and <i>trans</i>-1,2-bis-(pyridin-4-yl)ethyl-ene.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Crystallographic communications·2026
Same author

Synthesis of functionalized chitosan hydrogels for pH-responsive drug delivery.

International journal of biological macromolecules·2026
Same journal

Ir-Catalyzed Formal 1,2-Fluorine Migration in Fluorocarbenes.

Organic letters·2026
Same journal

Leveraging Bayesian Optimization for Accelerated Ligand Selection in Atroposelective Negishi Coupling.

Organic letters·2026
Same journal

Synthesis of Azido Energetic Compounds Based on 2-(Pyrazol-4-yl)pyrazolo[4,3-<i>e</i>][1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-<i>c</i>][1,2,3]triazine via an Atom-Economical Intramolecular Dutt-Wormall-Type Process.

Organic letters·2026
Same journal

Modular Synthesis of Dinitramino-Functionalized Pyrazole-Tetrazole and Its Derivatives: Achieving Superior Detonation Performance.

Organic letters·2026
Same journal

Light-Driven Iron-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Fluorosulfonylation of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids.

Organic letters·2026
Same journal

Chiral Phosphoric Acid-Catalyzed Enantioselective Dearomative Spirocyclization of Phenol-Ynamides by Kinetic Resolution.

Organic letters·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

An Efficient Method for the Synthesis of Peptoids with Mixed Lysine-type/Arginine-type Monomers and Evaluation of Their Anti-leishmanial Activity
12:02

An Efficient Method for the Synthesis of Peptoids with Mixed Lysine-type/Arginine-type Monomers and Evaluation of Their Anti-leishmanial Activity

Published on: November 2, 2016

Homoselenacalix[n]arenes.

Joice Thomas1, Wouter Maes, Koen Robeyns

  • 1Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.

Organic Letters
|June 16, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers synthesized novel homoselenacalixarenes using selenium species. These unique macrocycles offer exciting biomimetic supramolecular possibilities due to their structure and selenium content.

More Related Videos

Production of Disulfide-stabilized Transmembrane Peptide Complexes for Structural Studies
12:05

Production of Disulfide-stabilized Transmembrane Peptide Complexes for Structural Studies

Published on: March 6, 2013

Preparation of Contiguous Bisaziridines for Regioselective Ring-Opening Reactions
04:38

Preparation of Contiguous Bisaziridines for Regioselective Ring-Opening Reactions

Published on: July 28, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

An Efficient Method for the Synthesis of Peptoids with Mixed Lysine-type/Arginine-type Monomers and Evaluation of Their Anti-leishmanial Activity
12:02

An Efficient Method for the Synthesis of Peptoids with Mixed Lysine-type/Arginine-type Monomers and Evaluation of Their Anti-leishmanial Activity

Published on: November 2, 2016

Production of Disulfide-stabilized Transmembrane Peptide Complexes for Structural Studies
12:05

Production of Disulfide-stabilized Transmembrane Peptide Complexes for Structural Studies

Published on: March 6, 2013

Preparation of Contiguous Bisaziridines for Regioselective Ring-Opening Reactions
04:38

Preparation of Contiguous Bisaziridines for Regioselective Ring-Opening Reactions

Published on: July 28, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Organoselenium Chemistry
  • Macrocyclic Chemistry

Background:

  • Calixarenes are well-established macrocyclic compounds with diverse applications.
  • Incorporating heteroatoms like selenium into macrocyclic frameworks can impart unique properties.
  • Homochalcogenacalixarenes, particularly those containing selenium, are less explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize a novel family of homoselenacalixarenes.
  • To characterize these new selenium-containing macrocycles.
  • To explore their potential in supramolecular chemistry and biomimetic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of homoselenacalix[n]arenes (n=3-8) using nucleophilic selenium reagents.
  • Characterization techniques including NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry.
  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis for structural elucidation of specific homologues.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of homoselenacalix[n]arenes with varying ring sizes (n=3-8).
  • Structural confirmation of homoselenacalix[4]- and homoselenacalix[6]arene using X-ray crystallography.
  • Demonstration of bridging CH(2)SeCH(2) groups connecting aryl subunits within the macrocycle.

Conclusions:

  • A new class of selenium-containing macrocycles, homoselenacalixarenes, has been developed.
  • The unique structure combines a calixarene scaffold with multiple selenium atoms.
  • These compounds present promising opportunities for biomimetic and supramolecular chemistry research.