Renal cell carcinoma as second malignancy in patient with previous Wilms tumor

Adult survivors of childhood Wilms tumor are at an increased risk of a second malignancy. Renal cell carcinoma is not thought to be an associated late malignancy. We present a case report of an adult survivor of Wilms tumor who was treated for renal cell carcinoma. The present case, along with the published data, indicates the possibility of such an association. Our findings highlight the need for renal surveillance and to consider nephron-sparing surgery in future Wilms tumor treatment protocols.