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Related Concept Videos

Obesity01:24

Obesity

The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in adipocytes...
Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer01:19

Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer

Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution01:25

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution

Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
Drug Dosing: Obese Patients01:21

Drug Dosing: Obese Patients

In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...

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[Obesity and cancer].

J-L Schlienger1, F Luca, S Vinzio

  • 1Service de médecine interne et nutrition, CHU Hautepierre, avenue Molière, 67098 Strasbourg cedex, France. jean-louis.schlienger@chru-strasbourg.fr

La Revue De Medecine Interne
|June 16, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Obesity is a public health issue linked to increased cancer risk. While causal links are unclear, hormonal changes and inflammation associated with obesity may promote cancer development.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Obesity is a recognized public health problem associated with increased cancer incidence.
  • Systematic reviews and meta-analyses have explored the link between body mass index (BMI) and common cancers.
  • The precise causal mechanisms linking obesity to cancer remain under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the current understanding of the relationship between obesity and cancer risk.
  • To explore potential biological mechanisms, including hormonal alterations and inflammation, that may mediate this relationship.
  • To discuss the implications for cancer prevention and the management of cancer survivors.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiological data and animal models.

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  • Analysis of findings from systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
  • Examination of proposed biological pathways including hormonal and inflammatory factors.

    • Main Results:

    • Obesity is associated with an increased risk of several common cancers.
    • Potential mechanisms include obesity-related hormonal alterations such as hyperinsulinism, altered insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) levels, low adiponectin, and increased oestradiol due to enhanced aromatase activity.
    • Inflammation linked to visceral adiposity is another proposed mechanism promoting cancer development.
    • Current evidence does not convincingly show that weight loss improves the prognosis of treated cancers.

    Conclusions:

    • Obesity is a significant risk factor for cancer, mediated by hormonal changes and inflammation.
    • Regular physical activity and caloric restriction may be beneficial for cancer prevention in healthy individuals and cancer survivors.
    • Further research is needed to elucidate causal mechanisms and optimize interventions.