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Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Comparing the Effects of Electronic Cigarette Vapor and Cigarette Smoke in a Novel In Vivo Exposure System
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Urine nicotine metabolite concentrations in relation to plasma cotinine during low-level nicotine exposure

Neal L Benowitz1, Katherine M Dains, Delia Dempsey

  • 1Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital Medical Center, University of California, San Francisco, Box 1220, San Francisco, CA 94143-1220, USA. NBenowitz@MedSFGH.ucsf.edu

Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
|June 16, 2009
PubMed
Abstract

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