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Engineering Propionibacterium acidipropionici for enhanced propionic acid tolerance and fermentation.

An Zhang1, Shang-Tian Yang

  • 1William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 140 West 19th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.

Biotechnology and Bioengineering
|June 17, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Engineered bacteria, Propionibacterium acidipropionici, were adapted in a bioreactor for enhanced propionic acid production. This adaptation significantly increased acid tolerance and boosted production to 100 g/L.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Biotechnology
  • Biochemical Engineering

Background:

  • Propionibacterium acidipropionici is a key bacterium for propionic acid production.
  • High concentrations of propionic acid inhibit bacterial growth and production.
  • Metabolic engineering and cell adaptation are strategies to overcome production limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance the acid tolerance and propionic acid production of a metabolically engineered P. acidipropionici mutant.
  • To investigate the mechanisms underlying improved acid tolerance in adapted cells.

Main Methods:

  • Immobilization and adaptation of the engineered ACK-Tet mutant in a fibrous bed bioreactor (FBB).
  • Fed-batch fermentation to achieve high final propionic acid concentrations.
  • Characterization of adapted cells: morphology, growth inhibition assays, SDS-PAGE for protein expression, and H+-ATPase activity measurement.

Main Results:

  • Adapted mutant cells in FBB achieved a final propionic acid concentration of approximately 100 g/L.
  • This concentration is significantly higher than the 71 g/L previously achieved with the wild-type strain.
  • Adapted cells exhibited reduced sensitivity to propionic acid inhibition, increased H+-ATPase activity, and altered cell morphology (elongated rods).

Conclusions:

  • Immobilization and adaptation in FBB effectively enhance acid tolerance and propionic acid production in engineered P. acidipropionici.
  • Increased H+-ATPase activity and altered cell morphology are key factors contributing to the enhanced acid tolerance.
  • This study provides a robust method for high-titer propionic acid fermentation.