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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

A Facile and Eco-friendly Route to Fabricate Poly(Lactic Acid) Scaffolds with Graded Pore Size
13:46

A Facile and Eco-friendly Route to Fabricate Poly(Lactic Acid) Scaffolds with Graded Pore Size

Published on: October 17, 2016

Improving pore interconnectivity in polymeric scaffolds for tissue engineering.

H M Aydin1, A J El Haj, E Pişkin

  • 1Chemical Engineering Department and Bioengineering Division and Centre for Bioengineering, Hacettepe University and Biyomedtek, Beytepe 06800, Ankara, Turkey.

Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
|June 17, 2009
PubMed
Summary

A novel dual-porogen system using naphthalene enhances pore interconnectivity in poly(lactic acid) scaffolds for tissue engineering. This method improves scaffold structure without compromising cell viability, crucial for regenerative medicine applications.

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Published on: October 17, 2016

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Pore interconnectivity is critical for nutrient transport and cell infiltration in tissue engineering scaffolds.
  • Traditional fabrication methods often struggle to achieve optimal pore interconnectivity.
  • Poly(lactic acid) is a widely used biocompatible polymer for scaffold development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a new scaffold fabrication technique using a dual-porogen system to enhance pore interconnectivity.
  • To investigate the effect of naphthalene as a secondary porogen on scaffold morphology and properties.
  • To evaluate the biocompatibility and cell viability of the fabricated scaffolds.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a solvent-evaporating/particulate-leaching technique with medical-grade poly(lactic acid).
  • Employed a dual-porogen system: sodium chloride for macro-pore size control and naphthalene for pore interconnection.
  • Characterized scaffold morphology using optical coherence tomography and scanning electron microscopy.
  • Assessed mechanical properties via compression testing and cell behavior using confocal microscopy.

Main Results:

  • The addition of naphthalene significantly improved pore interconnectivity in the poly(lactic acid) scaffolds.
  • Scaffolds exhibited controlled macro-pore sizes (106-255 microm) with enhanced interconnections.
  • Osteoblast cell attachment and viability were confirmed on scaffolds fabricated with and without naphthalene.
  • Naphthalene inclusion did not adversely affect cell viability, as indicated by live/dead staining.

Conclusions:

  • The dual-porogen system, incorporating naphthalene, is an effective method for fabricating tissue engineering scaffolds with enhanced pore interconnectivity.
  • This technique offers a promising approach for developing advanced biomaterials for tissue regeneration.
  • The developed scaffolds support cell growth and maintain cell viability, making them suitable for biological applications.