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Related Experiment Videos

Evolving experience with mechanical circulatory support.

R L Kormos1, H S Borovetz, J M Armitage

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261.

Annals of Surgery
|October 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Mechanical circulatory support evolved from total artificial hearts to the Novacor electrical assist device. This shift improved survival rates for critically ill heart transplant candidates, making outcomes comparable to less ill patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Medical Engineering

Background:

  • Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) is vital for end-stage heart failure patients awaiting transplantation.
  • Early MCS devices like the Jarvik total artificial heart had high mortality, primarily due to infection.
  • Limitations of intra-aortic balloon pumps necessitated exploring more advanced MCS options.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the Novacor electrical assist device as an alternative MCS for heart transplant candidates.
  • To compare outcomes between total artificial hearts and the Novacor device in this patient population.
  • To assess the long-term survival of patients supported by univentricular assist devices.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 379 heart transplant recipients from 1985 onwards.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparison of outcomes for patients supported by intra-aortic balloon pumps, Jarvik total artificial hearts, and the Novacor electrical assist device.
  • Detailed review of patient demographics, device performance, complications, and survival rates.

    • Main Results:

    • The Jarvik total artificial heart group showed a low survival rate (9/20 discharged) due to wound infections.
    • The Novacor electrical assist device was implanted in 23 patients with biventricular failure, with an average support duration of 50.4 days.
    • All 17 transplanted patients receiving the Novacor device survived to discharge, with only one late death attributed to infection.

    Conclusions:

    • The Novacor electrical assist device offers improved survival and reduced infection rates compared to total artificial hearts for heart transplant candidates.
    • Univentricular support with the Novacor device is effective for patients with severe biventricular failure.
    • MCS with modern devices can render survival rates for critically ill transplant candidates comparable to those with less severe disease.