Sexually transmitted diseases and incarceration

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Epidemiology
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) pose a significant health challenge within correctional settings.
• Incarcerated populations experience higher STD prevalence and more severe consequences.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the prevalence and burden of STDs, including syphilis, chlamydia, and gonorrhea, in US adult correctional inmates and detained juveniles.
• To highlight the public health opportunity for STD prevention and treatment in these underserved populations.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent studies on STD prevalence and burden in correctional facilities.
• Focus on syphilis, chlamydia, and gonorrhea among adult inmates and juveniles.
• Analysis limited to US settings.

Main Results:

• Incarcerated women face higher STD prevalence and more severe consequences than men.
• Chlamydia and gonorrhea may be more common in juveniles, while syphilis is more prevalent in adults.
• Despite opportunities for effective STD screening and treatment, few correctional systems have implemented comprehensive programs or condom provision.

Conclusions:

• Clinical tools exist to enhance STD prevention, screening, and treatment in correctional facilities.
• Increased research and advocacy are necessary to secure resources and implement policies that bridge the gap between the opportunity and the reality of correctional STD programs.