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Related Concept Videos

Standing Waves in a Cavity01:28

Standing Waves in a Cavity

A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:

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Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities
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Optical 3D cavity modes below the diffraction-limit using slow-wave surface-plasmon-polaritons.

Eyal Feigenbaum, Meir Orenstein

    Optics Express
    |June 18, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary

    We achieved sub-diffraction-limit nano-scale modal volumes in dielectric cavities using plasmonic effects. This surprising result shows reduced in-plane size and lower radiation loss for higher-order modes.

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    Published on: November 30, 2012

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    Fabrication of 1-D Photonic Crystal Cavity on a Nanofiber Using Femtosecond Laser-induced Ablation

    Published on: February 25, 2017

    Area of Science:

    • Nanophotonics
    • Plasmonics
    • Optical Cavities

    Background:

    • Achieving sub-wavelength confinement of light is crucial for nanophotonic devices.
    • Traditional optical cavities are limited by the diffraction limit.
    • Plasmonic effects offer a route to overcome diffraction limits.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To calculate modal volumes of dielectric cavities between metal plates.
    • To investigate the influence of plasmonic slow wave effects on modal size.
    • To analyze radiation loss in higher-order cavity modes.

    Main Methods:

    • Effective index analysis for theoretical study.
    • Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations for validation.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated modal volumes significantly smaller than the diffraction limit.
    • Observed indefinite reduction of modal size in one dimension due to metal plates.
    • Showcased simultaneous in-plane modal size reduction via plasmonic slow wave effect.
    • Found that higher-order modes exhibit reduced radiation loss.

    Conclusions:

    • Dielectric cavities between metal plates can support sub-diffraction-limit modes.
    • Plasmonic slow wave effects are key to achieving in-plane confinement.
    • The proposed scheme offers a promising approach for miniaturized optical devices with enhanced performance.