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Related Concept Videos

X-ray Imaging01:24

X-ray Imaging

German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with X-rays, and by 1900, X-ray was widely...

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X-ray Dose Reduction through Adaptive Exposure in Fluoroscopic Imaging
08:30

X-ray Dose Reduction through Adaptive Exposure in Fluoroscopic Imaging

Published on: September 11, 2011

Towards optimal control with shaped soft-x-ray light.

Thomas Pfeifer, Robert Spitzenpfeil, Dominik Walter

    Optics Express
    |June 18, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Researchers achieved closed-loop adaptive control in the soft-x-ray spectrum. They precisely manipulated sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) photoionization using tailored light fields for maximized or minimized branching ratios.

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    Dynamic Pore-scale Reservoir-condition Imaging of Reaction in Carbonates Using Synchrotron Fast Tomography

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    Area of Science:

    • Atomic and Molecular Physics
    • Quantum Optics
    • Ultrafast Science

    Background:

    • Soft-x-ray spectroscopy is crucial for probing molecular dynamics.
    • Controlling molecular processes with light requires precise temporal and spectral shaping.
    • Adaptive control offers a pathway to optimize specific chemical reactions or ionization pathways.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate the first closed-loop adaptive control experiment in the soft-x-ray spectral region.
    • To show that tailored soft-x-ray femtosecond light fields can control the branching ratio of dissociative photoionization.
    • To establish the feasibility of using shaped high-harmonic pulses for coherent control.

    Main Methods:

    • Generation of spectrally shaped coherent soft-x-ray pulses via high-harmonic generation.
    • Driving high-harmonic generation with phase-shaped femtosecond laser pulses.
    • Implementing a closed-loop feedback system to optimize the soft-x-ray pulse properties.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated maximization and minimization of the dissociative photoionization branching ratio of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6).
    • Confirmed the stability of shaped high-harmonic output for adaptive control experiments.
    • Highlighted the strong nonlinear dependence of the output on the driving laser pulse shape.

    Conclusions:

    • This work represents the first closed-loop adaptive control in the soft-x-ray regime.
    • Tailored soft-x-ray pulses can precisely control molecular photoionization pathways.
    • The findings pave the way for applying pulse-shaping and coherent control in the soft-x-ray range for advanced molecular manipulation.