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How do plant virus nucleic acids move through intercellular connections?

V Citovsky1, P Zambryski

  • 1Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Berkeley 94720.

Bioessays : News and Reviews in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology
|August 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Plant viruses spread between cells using specialized movement proteins that act as chaperones. These proteins help single-stranded nucleic acids pass through plasmodesmata, increasing channel permeability for efficient viral transport.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant virology
  • Molecular biology
  • Cell biology

Background:

  • Plasmodesmata facilitate intercellular transport in plants.
  • Plant viruses utilize plasmodesmata for cell-to-cell movement.
  • Virus-encoded movement proteins mediate this spread, but their mechanism is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a model for the transport of nucleic acids through plasmodesmata.
  • To elucidate the role of virus movement proteins in intercellular viral spread.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of biochemical properties of movement proteins.
  • Analysis of movement protein interactions with plasmodesmata.
  • Development of a model for nucleic acid transport.

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Main Results:

  • Single-stranded (ss) nucleic acids are efficiently transported.
  • Movement proteins act as molecular chaperones for ss nucleic acids.
  • Formation of unfolded movement protein-ss nucleic acid complexes.

Conclusions:

  • Movement protein-ss nucleic acid complexes are targeted to plasmodesmata.
  • Movement proteins increase plasmodesmatal permeability.
  • Translocation of the complex or its nucleic acid component occurs.