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Related Concept Videos

Human Virome01:26

Human Virome

The human body harbors a vast and diverse viral community known as the human virome. The virome includes bacteriophages that infect bacteria, and eukaryotic viruses that infect human cells. Transient dietary and environmental viruses also contribute to this dynamic ecosystem. Estimates suggest the human body may contain on the order of 10¹³ viral particles, though abundance varies widely by body site and detection method.Comprehensive characterization of the virome has become possible only with...
Bacteriophages of the Human Virome01:23

Bacteriophages of the Human Virome

Bacteriophages are found throughout the human body. They may even outnumber eukaryotic viruses, forming an important and dynamic component of the human virome. Indeed, phages represent the most abundant viral entities, with densities in the gut reaching up to 10⁹ particles per gram of fecal matter, and many belonging to orders such as Caudovirales and Microviridae, while a substantial proportion remains unclassified as viral “dark matter.”Lysogeny and Genetic ExchangeIn the gut, bacteriophages...
Arboviral Encephalitis01:25

Arboviral Encephalitis

Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
Viral Recombination00:57

Viral Recombination

Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
Coronavirus01:29

Coronavirus

Coronaviruses, including the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), are enveloped viruses characterized by their single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome and helical nucleocapsid structure. The hallmark of these viruses is their club-shaped spike (S) glycoproteins that protrude from the viral envelope, facilitating attachment to host cells. Typically, coronaviruses infect the upper respiratory tract, often causing mild or asymptomatic disease. However, certain strains like...
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease01:29

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Handling of the Cotton Rat in Studies for the Pre-clinical Evaluation of Oncolytic Viruses
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Handling of the Cotton Rat in Studies for the Pre-clinical Evaluation of Oncolytic Viruses

Published on: November 24, 2014

[Human bocavirus].

L A Mazhul', E I Isaeva, V I Zlobin

    Voprosy Virusologii
    |June 20, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary

    Human bocavirus (HBoV), a widespread respiratory virus, is linked to childhood respiratory infections and may also cause gastroenteritis. Polymerase chain reaction is the key detection method for this emerging pathogen.

    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Pediatrics
    • Infectious Diseases

    Context:

    • Human bocavirus (HBoV) is an emerging parvovirus identified as a significant cause of acute respiratory infections in children globally.
    • HBoV ranks as the third most prevalent human respiratory virus, following respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus.
    • The potential role of HBoV in causing acute gastroenteritis and asymptomatic infections in children warrants further investigation.

    Purpose:

    • To summarize the current understanding of Human bocavirus (HBoV) in pediatric infections.
    • To highlight the diagnostic methods and epidemiological characteristics of HBoV.
    • To underscore the significance of HBoV as a respiratory pathogen.

    Summary:

    • Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a newly identified parvovirus associated with acute respiratory infections in young children worldwide.

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    Published on: November 24, 2014

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    Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes: A Functional Genomics Tool for the Study of Positive-strand RNA Viruses

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  • It is hypothesized that HBoV may also cause acute gastroenteritis and persist asymptomatically in infected children.
  • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the most reliable method for detecting HBoV in clinical samples, with at least two distinct genotypes identified through phylogenetic analysis.

    • Impact:

    • Establishes HBoV as a key player in pediatric respiratory illnesses.
    • Emphasizes the need for improved diagnostic strategies and surveillance for HBoV.
    • Provides insights into the genetic diversity and potential dual-pathogenicity of HBoV.